Classification and identification of pest, diseases and nutrient deficiency in paddy using layer based EMD phase features with decision tree

Pest attack, disease incidence, and nutrient deficiency are the major factors limiting the yield of paddy. Therefore, the paper proposes a classification system for the identification of pest, disease, and nutrient deficiency classes. This approach initially preprocesses leaf images using entropy filtering followed by a leaf segmentation process. Multiple layers are then constructed on the leaf image through which features are extracted. The Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) algorithm and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) are used to extract the global texture features of the leaf image. A 1D-signal sequence is constructed on each layer, which is decomposed by the Empirical Mode Decomposition algorithm from which the phase features are estimated. The features are trained/classified using the decision tree classifiers that classify the pest attack, disease incidence, and nutrient deficiency categories. The proposed approach provides a precision, accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, and F1-score of 97 %, 97.88 %, 96.52 %, 96.7 %, and 96.7 % respectively.