“Gas–Thermal–Humidity” Microenvironment for Accelerating the Aging Process of Chinese Baijiu: A Novel Framework

Understanding the aging mechanism of Chinese baijiu is essential for improving both the efficiency and quality. However, existing studies have largely overlooked the comprehensive consideration of external thermal and humidity environments, leaving the mechanisms underlying aging microenvironment formation underexplored. To address this, the present study reviews the research about the aging environment, systematically constructs a knowledge framework, and identifies key challenges in the existing literature. Focusing on the volatile gases produced by the base liquor and their coupling with the temperature and humidity dynamics of the aging environment, this study introduces the innovative concept of “Gas–Thermal–Humidity” microenvironment. The proposed research framework includes: (1) dynamic measurement of key parameters in typical, followed by statistical analysis to identify spatiotemporal distribution patterns and correlations; (2) development of a “Gas–Thermal–Humidity” multiphysical field coupling model with numerical solution methods; and (3) creation of a multiparameter, multidimensional, and multiscale comprehensive evaluation method for the cellar microenvironment. By leveraging engineering thermophysics approaches, this study offers new perspectives and optimization strategies for baijiu production, contributing both significant academic innovation and practical value.