{"title":"室内空气质量对儿童呼吸健康的影响:一种MPPD模型方法","authors":"Avnish Shukla, Rahul Indaliya, Bhaven N. Tandel","doi":"10.1007/s41810-024-00253-5","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Indoor air quality (IAQ) in classrooms is a crucial factor in the growing health of children as they spend significant amounts of time in school. The present work examines indoor air quality in school classrooms, the relationship between indoor air and outdoor air, and a possible risk to children’s learning. Four IAQ parameters, particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub> and PM<sub>10</sub>), carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>), temperature, and relative humidity, are assessed using a sensor-based device. Measurements were taken inside classrooms with windows open for non-air conditioner rooms, closed for air-conditioner rooms, and on the street outside the school boundary. Results indicate the exceedance of particulate matter concentrations beyond the thresholds set by the World Health Organization (WHO). Furthermore, the mean concentration of CO<sub>2</sub> is high for the air conditioner room, and relative humidity was identified as slightly higher for one school classroom. Employing the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) model, the research analyzes the respiratory deposition dose (RDD) of PM<sub>2.5</sub>. It evaluates associated non-carcinogenic risks using the hazard quotient (HQ). Notably, the study reveals that the HQ in all classrooms surpassed the critical value of 1, indicating an elevated risk of bronchial diseases among students. Additionally, the Multiple Path Particle Dosimetry analysis suggests a higher deposition of PM in the lungs, with a predominant occurrence within the respiratory tract, particularly notable in younger children than adolescents. It concludes that urgent interventions are needed to improve school IAQ conditions, particularly in traffic-congested areas.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36991,"journal":{"name":"Aerosol Science and Engineering","volume":"9 2","pages":"180 - 194"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Effect of Indoor Air Quality on Respiratory Health of Children: An MPPD Model Approach\",\"authors\":\"Avnish Shukla, Rahul Indaliya, Bhaven N. Tandel\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s41810-024-00253-5\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>Indoor air quality (IAQ) in classrooms is a crucial factor in the growing health of children as they spend significant amounts of time in school. The present work examines indoor air quality in school classrooms, the relationship between indoor air and outdoor air, and a possible risk to children’s learning. Four IAQ parameters, particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub> and PM<sub>10</sub>), carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>), temperature, and relative humidity, are assessed using a sensor-based device. Measurements were taken inside classrooms with windows open for non-air conditioner rooms, closed for air-conditioner rooms, and on the street outside the school boundary. Results indicate the exceedance of particulate matter concentrations beyond the thresholds set by the World Health Organization (WHO). Furthermore, the mean concentration of CO<sub>2</sub> is high for the air conditioner room, and relative humidity was identified as slightly higher for one school classroom. Employing the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) model, the research analyzes the respiratory deposition dose (RDD) of PM<sub>2.5</sub>. It evaluates associated non-carcinogenic risks using the hazard quotient (HQ). Notably, the study reveals that the HQ in all classrooms surpassed the critical value of 1, indicating an elevated risk of bronchial diseases among students. Additionally, the Multiple Path Particle Dosimetry analysis suggests a higher deposition of PM in the lungs, with a predominant occurrence within the respiratory tract, particularly notable in younger children than adolescents. It concludes that urgent interventions are needed to improve school IAQ conditions, particularly in traffic-congested areas.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":36991,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Aerosol Science and Engineering\",\"volume\":\"9 2\",\"pages\":\"180 - 194\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.6000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-08-31\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Aerosol Science and Engineering\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"93\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s41810-024-00253-5\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"环境科学与生态学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q4\",\"JCRName\":\"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Aerosol Science and Engineering","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s41810-024-00253-5","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Effect of Indoor Air Quality on Respiratory Health of Children: An MPPD Model Approach
Indoor air quality (IAQ) in classrooms is a crucial factor in the growing health of children as they spend significant amounts of time in school. The present work examines indoor air quality in school classrooms, the relationship between indoor air and outdoor air, and a possible risk to children’s learning. Four IAQ parameters, particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10), carbon dioxide (CO2), temperature, and relative humidity, are assessed using a sensor-based device. Measurements were taken inside classrooms with windows open for non-air conditioner rooms, closed for air-conditioner rooms, and on the street outside the school boundary. Results indicate the exceedance of particulate matter concentrations beyond the thresholds set by the World Health Organization (WHO). Furthermore, the mean concentration of CO2 is high for the air conditioner room, and relative humidity was identified as slightly higher for one school classroom. Employing the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) model, the research analyzes the respiratory deposition dose (RDD) of PM2.5. It evaluates associated non-carcinogenic risks using the hazard quotient (HQ). Notably, the study reveals that the HQ in all classrooms surpassed the critical value of 1, indicating an elevated risk of bronchial diseases among students. Additionally, the Multiple Path Particle Dosimetry analysis suggests a higher deposition of PM in the lungs, with a predominant occurrence within the respiratory tract, particularly notable in younger children than adolescents. It concludes that urgent interventions are needed to improve school IAQ conditions, particularly in traffic-congested areas.
期刊介绍:
ASE is an international journal that publishes high-quality papers, communications, and discussion that advance aerosol science and engineering. Acceptable article forms include original research papers, review articles, letters, commentaries, news and views, research highlights, editorials, correspondence, and new-direction columns. ASE emphasizes the application of aerosol technology to both environmental and technical issues, and it provides a platform not only for basic research but also for industrial interests. We encourage scientists and researchers to submit papers that will advance our knowledge of aerosols and highlight new approaches for aerosol studies and new technologies for pollution control. ASE promotes cutting-edge studies of aerosol science and state-of-art instrumentation, but it is not limited to academic topics and instead aims to bridge the gap between basic science and industrial applications. ASE accepts papers covering a broad range of aerosol-related topics, including aerosol physical and chemical properties, composition, formation, transport and deposition, numerical simulation of air pollution incidents, chemical processes in the atmosphere, aerosol control technologies and industrial applications. In addition, ASE welcomes papers involving new and advanced methods and technologies that focus on aerosol pollution, sampling and analysis, including the invention and development of instrumentation, nanoparticle formation, nano technology, indoor and outdoor air quality monitoring, air pollution control, and air pollution remediation and feasibility assessments.