{"title":"行为改变技术在2型糖尿病患者饮食管理中的应用：系统回顾和荟萃分析","authors":"Aichun Wen, Kailu Wu, Meihua Ji","doi":"10.1111/jocn.17782","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims and objective: </strong>To evaluate the effects of dietary intervention and the commonly used behaviour change techniques (BCTs) on clinical outcomes in patients with T2DM.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Effective dietary management is crucial in the management of diabetes. Behavioural change strategies are important in improving dietary adherence, but limited understanding of available evidence currently exists.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A systematic review and meta analysis using the PRISMA checklist were used to synthesise the evidence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Systematic review of five databases was completed using selected key terms. Meta-analysis was conducted to test the effects of the dietary interventions and to identify effective BCTs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nine studies were included in this research. Overall, the dietary interventions showed significant HbA1c reduction, with merits from personalised dietary interventions tailored to patient characteristics. Meanwhile, there was a sustained reduction in HbA1c after three, six, and twelve months post intervention. Moreover, significant improvements in weight and lipid profile were observed by the sixth month. Regarding employed BCTs, 'Credible Source' and'Conserving Mental Resources' were deemed to be both clinically and statistically significant in reducing HbA1c (> 0.3%), while 14 other BCTs were identified as being associated with a clinically meaningful reduction in HbA1c (> 0.3%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Comprehensive dietary interventions incorporating selective BCTs significantly improved HbA1c, weight, and lipid profiles in patients with T2DM. Identified BCTs and the commonly used intervention features tailored to patient characteristics were most effective in dietary behaviour interventions.</p><p><strong>Relevance to clinical practice: </strong>It is suggested that, besides the commonly used BCTs (e.g., 'Goals and Planning' and 'Feedback on Behavior'), the application of 'Conserving Mental Resources' and ensuring 'Credible Source' should be incorporated into dietary interventions for patients with T2DM in clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Patient or public contribution: </strong>The is no patient or public contribution in this paper.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>This study was registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews.</p><p><strong>Prospero id: </strong>CRD42023459274.</p>","PeriodicalId":50236,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Nursing","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Behaviour Change Techniques Used in the Dietary Management of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.\",\"authors\":\"Aichun Wen, Kailu Wu, Meihua Ji\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/jocn.17782\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Aims and objective: </strong>To evaluate the effects of dietary intervention and the commonly used behaviour change techniques (BCTs) on clinical outcomes in patients with T2DM.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Effective dietary management is crucial in the management of diabetes. Behavioural change strategies are important in improving dietary adherence, but limited understanding of available evidence currently exists.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A systematic review and meta analysis using the PRISMA checklist were used to synthesise the evidence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Systematic review of five databases was completed using selected key terms. Meta-analysis was conducted to test the effects of the dietary interventions and to identify effective BCTs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nine studies were included in this research. Overall, the dietary interventions showed significant HbA1c reduction, with merits from personalised dietary interventions tailored to patient characteristics. Meanwhile, there was a sustained reduction in HbA1c after three, six, and twelve months post intervention. Moreover, significant improvements in weight and lipid profile were observed by the sixth month. Regarding employed BCTs, 'Credible Source' and'Conserving Mental Resources' were deemed to be both clinically and statistically significant in reducing HbA1c (> 0.3%), while 14 other BCTs were identified as being associated with a clinically meaningful reduction in HbA1c (> 0.3%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Comprehensive dietary interventions incorporating selective BCTs significantly improved HbA1c, weight, and lipid profiles in patients with T2DM. Identified BCTs and the commonly used intervention features tailored to patient characteristics were most effective in dietary behaviour interventions.</p><p><strong>Relevance to clinical practice: </strong>It is suggested that, besides the commonly used BCTs (e.g., 'Goals and Planning' and 'Feedback on Behavior'), the application of 'Conserving Mental Resources' and ensuring 'Credible Source' should be incorporated into dietary interventions for patients with T2DM in clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Patient or public contribution: </strong>The is no patient or public contribution in this paper.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>This study was registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews.</p><p><strong>Prospero id: </strong>CRD42023459274.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":50236,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Clinical Nursing\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.2000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-05-14\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Clinical Nursing\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.17782\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"NURSING\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Clinical Nursing","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.17782","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"NURSING","Score":null,"Total":0}
Behaviour Change Techniques Used in the Dietary Management of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Aims and objective: To evaluate the effects of dietary intervention and the commonly used behaviour change techniques (BCTs) on clinical outcomes in patients with T2DM.
Background: Effective dietary management is crucial in the management of diabetes. Behavioural change strategies are important in improving dietary adherence, but limited understanding of available evidence currently exists.
Design: A systematic review and meta analysis using the PRISMA checklist were used to synthesise the evidence.
Methods: Systematic review of five databases was completed using selected key terms. Meta-analysis was conducted to test the effects of the dietary interventions and to identify effective BCTs.
Results: Nine studies were included in this research. Overall, the dietary interventions showed significant HbA1c reduction, with merits from personalised dietary interventions tailored to patient characteristics. Meanwhile, there was a sustained reduction in HbA1c after three, six, and twelve months post intervention. Moreover, significant improvements in weight and lipid profile were observed by the sixth month. Regarding employed BCTs, 'Credible Source' and'Conserving Mental Resources' were deemed to be both clinically and statistically significant in reducing HbA1c (> 0.3%), while 14 other BCTs were identified as being associated with a clinically meaningful reduction in HbA1c (> 0.3%).
Conclusion: Comprehensive dietary interventions incorporating selective BCTs significantly improved HbA1c, weight, and lipid profiles in patients with T2DM. Identified BCTs and the commonly used intervention features tailored to patient characteristics were most effective in dietary behaviour interventions.
Relevance to clinical practice: It is suggested that, besides the commonly used BCTs (e.g., 'Goals and Planning' and 'Feedback on Behavior'), the application of 'Conserving Mental Resources' and ensuring 'Credible Source' should be incorporated into dietary interventions for patients with T2DM in clinical practice.
Patient or public contribution: The is no patient or public contribution in this paper.
Trial registration: This study was registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews.
期刊介绍：
The Journal of Clinical Nursing (JCN) is an international, peer reviewed, scientific journal that seeks to promote the development and exchange of knowledge that is directly relevant to all spheres of nursing practice. The primary aim is to promote a high standard of clinically related scholarship which advances and supports the practice and discipline of nursing. The Journal also aims to promote the international exchange of ideas and experience that draws from the different cultures in which practice takes place. Further, JCN seeks to enrich insight into clinical need and the implications for nursing intervention and models of service delivery. Emphasis is placed on promoting critical debate on the art and science of nursing practice.
JCN is essential reading for anyone involved in nursing practice, whether clinicians, researchers, educators, managers, policy makers, or students. The development of clinical practice and the changing patterns of inter-professional working are also central to JCN''s scope of interest. Contributions are welcomed from other health professionals on issues that have a direct impact on nursing practice.
We publish high quality papers from across the methodological spectrum that make an important and novel contribution to the field of clinical nursing (regardless of where care is provided), and which demonstrate clinical application and international relevance.
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