Derlin-3 manipulates the endoplasmic reticulum stress and IgG4 secretion of plasma cells in lung adenocarcinoma.

Derlin-3 has been implicated as an essential element in the degradation of misfolded lumenal glycoproteins induced by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. However, its potential biomechanisms in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains to be elucidated. In the present study, we found that Derlin-3 was predominantly elevated in LUAD tissues, and could predict worse prognosis of LUAD patients. ScRNA-seq analysis indicated that Derlin-3 was mainly enriched in B lymphocytes in the TME, especially in plasma cells. Moreover, Derlin-3 may be involved in ER stress and IgG4 secretion in plasma cells by targeting Hrd1/p38/PRDM1 pathway. While the aberrant IgG4 production may be an essential driver of the polarization of macrophages towards the M2 phenotype. Additionally, downregulation of Derlin-3 could inhibit plasma cells infiltration and M2 macrophage polarization in vivo. Our results indicated that Derlin-3 could shape TME via ER stress to harness immune function, which might serve as a promising immunotherapeutic target in LUAD.