基因组分析揭示了北极冻土带土壤中多种新型耐寒粘液杆菌物种。

IF 5.1 Q1 ECOLOGY
ISME communications Pub Date : 2025-04-25 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1093/ismeco/ycaf071
Anil Kumar, Minna K Männistö, Marika Pätsi, Lee J Kerkhof, Max M Häggblom
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引用次数: 0

摘要

由于气候变化导致北极土壤生态系统变暖,预计微生物活动的增强将增加土壤有机质降解的速度。因此,描述北极冻土带微生物群落在分解过程中的多样性和活动性具有浓厚的兴趣。在这里,我们描述了一种从芬兰北极苔原土壤中分离出来的新型冷适应细菌粘液杆菌属(拟杆菌属)。这些分离物是需氧化有机营养物,似乎很好地适应了低温环境,在那里它们也暴露于干燥和年温度变化的广泛制度。基于16S核糖体RNA (rRNA)的系统发育分析表明,5株分离菌株为Mucilaginibacter属新种,全基因组系统基因组和平均核苷酸同源性证实了这一结果。描述了5个新种:粘胶杆菌geliditolerans sp. nov.、粘胶杆菌tundrae sp. nov.、粘胶杆菌empetricola sp. nov.、粘胶杆菌saanensis sp. nov.和粘胶杆菌cryoferens sp. nov.。基因组和表型分析表明,它们具有复杂的碳降解、氮同化、多phenol降解和适应其苔原健康栖息地的潜力。对新发现的物种与来自不同环境的已知Mucilaginibacter属成员进行的全基因组分析揭示了冻土带菌株的独特特征。这些菌株拥有与能量生产、氮吸收、适应和次级代谢物合成相关的独特基因,这些基因有助于它们的生长,这可能是它们在苔原土壤中流行的原因。通过发现黏液杆菌中的新物种和菌株,我们增强了对该属的理解,并阐明了环境波动如何影响北极苔原生态系统中微生物的功能和相互作用。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Genome analysis reveals diverse novel psychrotolerant Mucilaginibacter species in Arctic tundra soils.

As Arctic soil ecosystems warm due to climate change, enhanced microbial activity is projected to increase the rate of soil organic matter degradation. Delineating the diversity and activity of Arctic tundra microbial communities active in decomposition is thus of keen interest. Here, we describe novel cold-adapted bacteria in the genus Mucilaginibacter (Bacteroidota) isolated from Artic tundra soils in Finland. These isolates are aerobic chemoorganotrophs and appear well adapted to the low-temperature environment, where they are also exposed to desiccation and a wide regime of annual temperature variation. Initial 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA)-based phylogenetic analysis suggested that five isolated strains represent new species of the genus Mucilaginibacter, confirmed by whole genome-based phylogenomic and average nucleotide identity. Five novel species are described: Mucilaginibacter geliditolerans sp. nov., Mucilaginibacter tundrae sp. nov., Mucilaginibacter empetricola sp. nov., Mucilaginibacter saanensis sp. nov., and Mucilaginibacter cryoferens sp. nov. Genome and phenotype analysis showed their potential in complex carbon degradation, nitrogen assimilation, polyphenol degradation, and adaptation to their tundra heath habitat. A pangenome analysis of the newly identified species alongside known members of the Mucilaginibacter genus sourced from various environments revealed the distinctive characteristics of the tundra strains. These strains possess unique genes related to energy production, nitrogen uptake, adaptation, and the synthesis of secondary metabolites that aid in their growth, potentially accounting for their prevalence in tundra soil. By uncovering novel species and strains within the Mucilaginibacter, we enhance our understanding of this genus and elucidate how environmental fluctuations shape the microbial functionality and interactions in Arctic tundra ecosystems.

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