Evaluating Genioplasty Procedures: A Systematic Review and Roadmap for Future Investigations.

Study design: Systematic review.

Objective: This systematic review examines the existing literature concerning the objective and subjective evaluations of osseous genioplasty outcomes.

Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in databases including PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science, yielding 2563 references, which were screened by two independent reviewers. We included 105 articles originating from 25 different countries. Data were systematically extracted, categorized, and documented.

Results: Genioplasty was performed in 5218 patients, either independently (3560 cases) or in combination with other orthognathic procedures (1696 cases), with a predominant focus on female patients (64%). Objective evaluation primarily focused on surgical accuracy, relapse, and neurosensory disturbance, while subjective assessments were largely related to aesthetics and patient satisfaction. Despite significant advancements in three-dimensional surgical planning and assessment, the review highlights a lack of standardized methods for evaluating isolated genioplasty outcomes.

Conclusions: The findings emphasize the need for improved and validated instruments that specifically assess the functional and aesthetic results of genioplastic surgery. Future research should prioritize patient-centered prospective studies and the development of assessment tools to ensure more comprehensive and reliable outcome evaluations.