Bifurcation analysis and chaos control in a Hassell-Varley model with the Ricker growth.

The Ricker-type growth model, which incorporates a density-dependent mechanism, is widely used in ecological modelling to fit a broad range of complex population growth patterns. In this study, the complex dynamics of a modified Hassell-Varley model with Ricker growth were analysed. We first investigated the permanence of solutions, the existence and uniqueness of the positive steady state and the local stability of equilibrium points. We confirm that, under certain parametric conditions, the proposed system undergoes a flip or Neimark-Sacker bifurcation within the interior of $R_{+}^2$. Two feedback control measures were employed to control bifurcation and chaos in the proposed system. Simultaneously, several examples are provided to support our theoretical results using numerical simulations, and are conducted to illustrate the intricate behaviours of the modified Hassell-Varley model.