Long-term outcomes of metabolic bariatric surgery: a 10-Year multicenter retrospective study in Poland (BARI-10-POL).

Purpose: Metabolic bariatric surgery (MBS) is an effective treatment for obesity and obesity-related diseases, but long-term data on its outcomes remain limited, particularly in Poland. These data are crucial for understanding the durability of weight loss, trends in weight regain, and comorbidity remission, as well as for refining surgical techniques and improving long-term care. This study aims to evaluate the 10-year outcomes of MBS in Poland, focusing on weight loss and remission of obesity-related diseases in patients who completed follow-up.

Materials and methods: This multicenter retrospective study, named BARI-10-POL, analyzed 485 patients (mean age: 41.0 years, 71.5% female, median BMI: 43.4 kg/m²) who underwent laparoscopic MBS between 2008 and 2014 across five bariatric centers. Data collected included demographics, type of surgery, weight loss (%TWL, %EWL), and remission of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and hypertension (HT).

Results: The follow-up rate was 28.5% (485/1703). Among the procedures, 317 (65.4%) were sleeve gastrectomies (SG). The median %EWL and %TWL were 59.2% and 22.8%, respectively. Revisional procedures were required in 23.9% of patients, most commonly after SG (24.3%) and adjustable gastric banding (100%). The remission rates for T2D and HT were 70.8% and 56.7%, respectively. One anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) demonstrated superior median %EWL (80.1%) compared to SG (55.0%, p < 0.001) and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) (51.4%, p < 0.001).

Conclusions: Conducting long-term follow-up after bariatric surgery is challenging. MBS leads to significant long-term outcomes in both weight loss and remission of obesity-related diseases.