Lattice Flow Diverter for the Treatment of Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms: A Retrospective Study.

Purpose: Flow diverters (FDs) represent an innovative approach distinct from traditional intra-aneurysm embolization for endovascular treatment. Recently, various types of FDs have been developed and extensively applied in managing intracranial aneurysms. This study evaluates the safety and efficacy of a new FD (Lattice) for treating unruptured intracranial aneurysms.

Methods: This retrospective study collected cases of unruptured intracranial aneurysms treated with Lattice flow diverter (LFD) from May 2023 to July 2024. Patient demographics, aneurysm specifics, procedure details, complications, occlusion rates, and clinical outcomes were assessed.

Results: This study included 44 aneurysms from 40 patients. The LFD was successfully placed in all cases, with 15 aneurysms (34.1%) also undergoing coil embolization. Procedure-related complications included mild cerebral infarction in 1 patient (2.5%). Neointimal hyperplasia (NIH) was found in two patients during the follow-up angiography 6 months after the implantation of the LFD. One patient was mild and the other was severe. And these two patients did not have any ischemic symptoms. Moreover, one patient experienced complete stent occlusion at the final follow-up, also without ischemic symptoms. The average follow-up duration was 7.15 months (5.00, 14.00), with a 72.7% complete occlusion rate and an mRS score of 0 for all patients.

Conclusions: In this limited series, the novel LFD appeared safe and effective for treating unruptured intracranial aneurysms, demonstrating promising short-term aneurysm occlusion rates. However, additional research with larger sample sizes and long-term follow-up is needed to confirm these findings.