A case study on the calculation of carbon emissions over the entire life cycle of commercial office buildings based on measured data

Against the backdrop of the “dual carbon” strategy, building carbon emissions have been incorporated into the construction review process. Currently, the calculation and accounting of carbon emissions throughout the entire building lifecycle have become a hot and challenging issue in the field of building carbon emissions. Commercial office buildings, due to their large scale, high energy consumption, and significant carbon emission base, have become a key area for energy conservation and carbon reduction in public buildings. According to the building lifecycle carbon emission assessment system, the lifecycle of commercial office buildings can be divided into four stages: production of building materials, construction, operation and maintenance, and dismantling and recycling. This study takes an existing commercial office building in Beijing, China, as a case study, and based on data from energy audit reports, calculates the carbon emissions of each lifecycle stage using national standards and relevant software, and discusses the factors affecting building carbon emissions. At the same time, a comparative analysis of the differences between Chinese and Western national standards is conducted. Ultimately, strategies to reduce building carbon emissions are proposed. This study is of reference value for the precise calculation of carbon emissions throughout the lifecycle of commercial office buildings.