Integrating advanced technologies for sustainable Smart Campus development: A comprehensive survey of recent studies

The integration of advanced technologies in higher education has revolutionized the concept of Smart Campus (SC), making it a dynamic hub of sustainability and technological innovation. Despite their potential, the comprehensive integration of these technologies presents significant challenges, especially in achieving optimal utilization without compromising privacy and security. This survey investigates how various advanced technologies, such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT), and Digital Twin (DT), contribute to the evolution of SCs. It aims to address the critical gaps in technology implementation and assesses the barriers to effective integration. The methodology employs a structured literature analysis, focusing on recent studies to identify gaps in current research and evaluate the effectiveness of different technologies through both theoretical and practical lenses. Various data analysis techniques, including bibliometric analysis and taxonomy-based assessments, are used to map the scientific landscape and quantify the influence of studies across the field. The findings reveal that the strategic application of these technologies significantly enhances operational efficiencies, actively promotes sustainability practices, and fosters adaptive and responsive educational environments. However, challenges such as integration complexity, privacy concerns, and substantial initial investments remain prominent. Continuous efforts are necessary to overcome these challenges, with future research focusing on creating more resilient and adaptable integration frameworks that align technological advancements with educational needs, supporting the continuous growth and relevance of SCs in a rapidly changing digital era. This review serves as a fundamental reference for stakeholders aiming to understand and leverage the advancements in technology for educational innovations on SCs.