Unlocking the Potential of Cyclodextrin/Metal–Organic Frameworks in Food Packaging Systems: An Exclusive Review on the Latest Trends

Cyclodextrins (CDs) are cyclic oligosaccharides derived from starch with the ability to form inclusion complexes with guest molecules. Their unique structure allows them to be used in various applications, including drug delivery systems, flavor and fragrance encapsulation, environmental remediation, and food packaging. CDs’ capability to form stable complexes and supramolecular structures makes them highly valuable in scientific research and various industries. They are receiving increased attention due to their unique properties. Metal–organic frameworks derived from CD (CD-MOF) possess typical properties of being edible, renewable, and biodegradable. The high specific surface area and good biocompatibility properties of CD-MOFs have gradually captured the interest of researchers in the packaging industry. They can improve the physical and mechanical characteristics of food packaging films by initiating the polymerization of agent groups. The interaction of CD-MOFs with polymer molecules has been observed to strengthen the cohesion of the polymer network through both physical and chemical covalent reactions. This process improves the stability of the physical–mechanical, barrier, thermal, and microstructure properties of biopolymer-based packaging films. However, challenges such as reaction conditions, stability, and substrate specificity must be carefully researched to optimize their functionality. Importantly, food packaging films and coatings made from biopolymers reinforced with CD-MOFs have demonstrated exceptional effectiveness in preserving perishable food items.