Modification effect of healthy lifestyle among solid fuels and mild cognitive impairment in middle-aged and older adults: A prospective cohort study

To explore the association between solid fuels and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and the role of the healthy lifestyle score (HLS) in the association between solid fuels and MCI. Data were obtained from CHARLS from 2011 to 2020. A logistic regression model which assessed the impact of solid fuel use on MCI was applied. A full HLS was constructed to evaluate the interaction and joint effects of HLS with solid fuels. 11054 people were enclosed in this study and the proportion of the population using solid fuels is as high as 74.05 % for heating fuels and 56.53 % for cooking fuels. Results showed that solid fuel use was positively associated with the risk of MCI during cooking and heating, with 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CI) of 1.11 (1.00, 1.23) for cooking and 1.14 (1.00, 1.31) for heating. Further, a healthy BMI was beneficial in reducing the harmful effects of solid fuels. Solid fuel use was significantly associated with MCI among middle-aged and older Chinese adults. Our results also suggested that higher HLS is beneficial in reducing the risk of MCI from solid fuels. In this study, we are prompted to use cleaner fuels and ventilation equipment along with the need to develop effective HLS measures for interventions.