Feng Liu , Jiawen Li , Yunkang Bai , Jinlong Heng , Xuefei Li , Cailun Wang , Jie Zhan , Chen Zhang
{"title":"仿生咬虾喷嘴对不锈钢表面铅铋共晶合金的空化辅助射流净化研究","authors":"Feng Liu , Jiawen Li , Yunkang Bai , Jinlong Heng , Xuefei Li , Cailun Wang , Jie Zhan , Chen Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.nucengdes.2025.114038","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The low-melting and high-boiling lead–bismuth eutectic alloy is used in nuclear reactor as heat exchange medium, which causes lead–bismuth eutectic alloy to be adhered on stainless steel surface of nuclear reactor. The current cleaning methods are challenging to remove lead–bismuth eutectic alloy on stainless steel surface with high efficiency and high decontamination effectiveness in an environmentally friendly manner. Thus, a new cavitation-assisted decontamination method with using bionic jet nozzle mapping from snapping shrimp claw is proposed in the paper. Firstly, a new bionic jet nozzle mapping from snapping shrimp claw is designed and manufactured based on the characteristics of cavitation effect generated by the high-speed closure of the claw of snapping shrimp. Secondly, the cavitation-assisted decontamination of lead–bismuth eutectic alloy from stainless steel surface by using the bionic jet nozzle is investigated experimentally and an experimental platform is established with combining the bionic jet nozzle. Finally, the results of decontamination effectiveness are evaluated from comprehensive score with three indicators, observation of surface microscopic morphology, analysis of water quality for waste liquid, solid impurity analysis. 316L stainless steel adhered with lead–bismuth alloy is taken as experimental samples and the decontamination area ratio, weight reduction rate, and surface roughness <em>R<sub>a</sub></em> of the sample are selected as evaluation indicators of decontamination effect. The weights of each indicator are assigned using the entropy weight method and a comprehensive score of the decontamination effect for each sample is calculated by the above method. The optimal process parameters are determined and validated as nozzle inlet pressure 17.5 MPa, target distance 6 mm, and jet duration 8 min. The average values of the decontamination area ratio, weight reduction rate, and surface roughness <em>R<sub>a</sub></em> of the sample after decontamination under the optimal process parameter are respectively 89.9 %, 90.7 %, and 0.816 μm. The test results of water quality for the waste liquid after decontamination show that the chemical oxygen demand of the waste liquid generated by the cavitation-assisted jet decontamination is much lower than the that of chemical immersion decontamination method. This study indicates that the cavitation-assisted jet decontamination method with bionic nozzle mapping from snapping shrimp claw can effectively remove lead–bismuth alloys from the surface of stainless steel and is more environmentally friendly.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19170,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Engineering and Design","volume":"439 ","pages":"Article 114038"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Cavitation-assisted jet decontamination of lead–bismuth eutectic alloy from stainless steel surface with using bionic snapping shrimp’s nozzle\",\"authors\":\"Feng Liu , Jiawen Li , Yunkang Bai , Jinlong Heng , Xuefei Li , Cailun Wang , Jie Zhan , Chen Zhang\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.nucengdes.2025.114038\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><div>The low-melting and high-boiling lead–bismuth eutectic alloy is used in nuclear reactor as heat exchange medium, which causes lead–bismuth eutectic alloy to be adhered on stainless steel surface of nuclear reactor. The current cleaning methods are challenging to remove lead–bismuth eutectic alloy on stainless steel surface with high efficiency and high decontamination effectiveness in an environmentally friendly manner. Thus, a new cavitation-assisted decontamination method with using bionic jet nozzle mapping from snapping shrimp claw is proposed in the paper. Firstly, a new bionic jet nozzle mapping from snapping shrimp claw is designed and manufactured based on the characteristics of cavitation effect generated by the high-speed closure of the claw of snapping shrimp. Secondly, the cavitation-assisted decontamination of lead–bismuth eutectic alloy from stainless steel surface by using the bionic jet nozzle is investigated experimentally and an experimental platform is established with combining the bionic jet nozzle. Finally, the results of decontamination effectiveness are evaluated from comprehensive score with three indicators, observation of surface microscopic morphology, analysis of water quality for waste liquid, solid impurity analysis. 316L stainless steel adhered with lead–bismuth alloy is taken as experimental samples and the decontamination area ratio, weight reduction rate, and surface roughness <em>R<sub>a</sub></em> of the sample are selected as evaluation indicators of decontamination effect. The weights of each indicator are assigned using the entropy weight method and a comprehensive score of the decontamination effect for each sample is calculated by the above method. The optimal process parameters are determined and validated as nozzle inlet pressure 17.5 MPa, target distance 6 mm, and jet duration 8 min. The average values of the decontamination area ratio, weight reduction rate, and surface roughness <em>R<sub>a</sub></em> of the sample after decontamination under the optimal process parameter are respectively 89.9 %, 90.7 %, and 0.816 μm. The test results of water quality for the waste liquid after decontamination show that the chemical oxygen demand of the waste liquid generated by the cavitation-assisted jet decontamination is much lower than the that of chemical immersion decontamination method. This study indicates that the cavitation-assisted jet decontamination method with bionic nozzle mapping from snapping shrimp claw can effectively remove lead–bismuth alloys from the surface of stainless steel and is more environmentally friendly.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":19170,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Nuclear Engineering and Design\",\"volume\":\"439 \",\"pages\":\"Article 114038\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.9000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-05-11\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Nuclear Engineering and Design\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"5\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0029549325002158\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"工程技术\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Nuclear Engineering and Design","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0029549325002158","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Cavitation-assisted jet decontamination of lead–bismuth eutectic alloy from stainless steel surface with using bionic snapping shrimp’s nozzle
The low-melting and high-boiling lead–bismuth eutectic alloy is used in nuclear reactor as heat exchange medium, which causes lead–bismuth eutectic alloy to be adhered on stainless steel surface of nuclear reactor. The current cleaning methods are challenging to remove lead–bismuth eutectic alloy on stainless steel surface with high efficiency and high decontamination effectiveness in an environmentally friendly manner. Thus, a new cavitation-assisted decontamination method with using bionic jet nozzle mapping from snapping shrimp claw is proposed in the paper. Firstly, a new bionic jet nozzle mapping from snapping shrimp claw is designed and manufactured based on the characteristics of cavitation effect generated by the high-speed closure of the claw of snapping shrimp. Secondly, the cavitation-assisted decontamination of lead–bismuth eutectic alloy from stainless steel surface by using the bionic jet nozzle is investigated experimentally and an experimental platform is established with combining the bionic jet nozzle. Finally, the results of decontamination effectiveness are evaluated from comprehensive score with three indicators, observation of surface microscopic morphology, analysis of water quality for waste liquid, solid impurity analysis. 316L stainless steel adhered with lead–bismuth alloy is taken as experimental samples and the decontamination area ratio, weight reduction rate, and surface roughness Ra of the sample are selected as evaluation indicators of decontamination effect. The weights of each indicator are assigned using the entropy weight method and a comprehensive score of the decontamination effect for each sample is calculated by the above method. The optimal process parameters are determined and validated as nozzle inlet pressure 17.5 MPa, target distance 6 mm, and jet duration 8 min. The average values of the decontamination area ratio, weight reduction rate, and surface roughness Ra of the sample after decontamination under the optimal process parameter are respectively 89.9 %, 90.7 %, and 0.816 μm. The test results of water quality for the waste liquid after decontamination show that the chemical oxygen demand of the waste liquid generated by the cavitation-assisted jet decontamination is much lower than the that of chemical immersion decontamination method. This study indicates that the cavitation-assisted jet decontamination method with bionic nozzle mapping from snapping shrimp claw can effectively remove lead–bismuth alloys from the surface of stainless steel and is more environmentally friendly.
期刊介绍:
Nuclear Engineering and Design covers the wide range of disciplines involved in the engineering, design, safety and construction of nuclear fission reactors. The Editors welcome papers both on applied and innovative aspects and developments in nuclear science and technology.
Fundamentals of Reactor Design include:
• Thermal-Hydraulics and Core Physics
• Safety Analysis, Risk Assessment (PSA)
• Structural and Mechanical Engineering
• Materials Science
• Fuel Behavior and Design
• Structural Plant Design
• Engineering of Reactor Components
• Experiments
Aspects beyond fundamentals of Reactor Design covered:
• Accident Mitigation Measures
• Reactor Control Systems
• Licensing Issues
• Safeguard Engineering
• Economy of Plants
• Reprocessing / Waste Disposal
• Applications of Nuclear Energy
• Maintenance
• Decommissioning
Papers on new reactor ideas and developments (Generation IV reactors) such as inherently safe modular HTRs, High Performance LWRs/HWRs and LMFBs/GFR will be considered; Actinide Burners, Accelerator Driven Systems, Energy Amplifiers and other special designs of power and research reactors and their applications are also encouraged.