ADHD和ASD青少年驾驶执照过程中自我报告的挑战

IF 3.5 2区工程技术 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED

Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour Pub Date : 2025-05-09 DOI:10.1016/j.trf.2025.04.025

B. Thorslund , B. Lidestam

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引用次数: 0

摘要

大约10%的瑞典学生患有神经发育障碍（NDD），如多动症和自闭症，而且这个数字还在增加。与其他人相比，NDD患者在驾驶和驾驶培训方面往往面临更多挑战。瑞典当局目前正在审查驾驶员教育系统，以提高驾驶员的风险意识和环境意识。为了确保新课程更好地适应NDD患者的需求，本研究旨在探讨自闭症患者和ADHD患者在驾照考试过程中面临的挑战，以及他们与教育工作者和驾驶考官分享这些挑战的意愿。一项问卷调查是在正在获得驾驶执照或最近获得驾驶执照的个人中进行的。在217名受访者中，34人患有ADHD， 14人患有ASD， 24人同时患有ADHD和ASD。这项研究为NDD患者在驾照申请过程中的挑战提供了新的见解。研究结果表明，患有ADHD和ASD的人在申请驾驶执照的整个过程中都会遇到挑战，尤其是那些患有ADHD或ADHD和ASD的人。诊断组的受访者更愿意分享他们的挑战，这表明他们意识到这些好处。尽管如此，想要分享和知道什么时候分享之间还是有一个重要的差异。由于驾驶模拟器可以创建特定的训练场景，并已被证明在提高驾驶性能方面有效，因此在驾驶模拟器中练习定位、任务切换和规则遵守等报告的挑战可以帮助NDD驾驶员学生减少挑战。个体差异使得有效的沟通对于减少NDD患者驾照申请过程中的挑战至关重要。因此，应进一步探索其他沟通方法，例如简化语言，同时实施强制性信息表，解决所有学习者许可证申请人的个人挑战。

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Self-reported challenges in the driving license process for adolescents with ADHD and ASD

Around 10 percent of Swedish students have neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD), such as ADHD and ASD and the numbers have been increasing. Individuals with NDD tend to face more challenges in driving and driver training compared to others. Swedish authorities are currently reviewing the driver education system to increase drivers’ awareness of risks and environmental considerations. To ensure that the new curriculum better accommodates the needs of individuals with NDD, this study aims to explore the challenges faced by autistic individuals and individuals with ADHD during the driver’s license process, as well as their willingness to share these challenges with educators and driving examiners.

A questionnaire study was conducted among individuals either in the process of obtaining their driver’s license or who had recently obtained it. Out of 217 respondents, 34 had ADHD, 14 had ASD, and 24 had both ADHD and ASD.

This study offers novel insights into the challenges during the driving license process for individuals with NDD. Results show that individuals with ADHD and ASD seeking a driver’s license encounter challenges throughout the process, especially those with ADHD or a combination of ADHD and ASD. Respondents in the diagnosis groups are more willing to share their challenges, suggesting their awareness of the benefits. Still, there is an important discrepancy between wanting to share and knowing when to.

Since driving simulators can create specific training scenarios and have proven effective in improving driving performance, practicing reported challenges such as positioning, task switching, and rule adherence in a driving simulator could help reduce challenges for driver students with NDD. Individual variations make effective communication crucial to reducing challenges in the driver’s license process for individuals with NDD. Therefore, alternative communication methods, such as for example simplified language, should be further explored, alongside the implementation of a mandatory information sheet addressing individual challenges for all learner’s permit applicants.

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来源期刊

Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour Multiple-

CiteScore

7.60

自引率

14.60%

发文量

239

审稿时长

71 days

期刊介绍： Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour focuses on the behavioural and psychological aspects of traffic and transport. The aim of the journal is to enhance theory development, improve the quality of empirical studies and to stimulate the application of research findings in practice. TRF provides a focus and a means of communication for the considerable amount of research activities that are now being carried out in this field. The journal provides a forum for transportation researchers, psychologists, ergonomists, engineers and policy-makers with an interest in traffic and transport psychology.