Numerical simulation of three-dimensional focused waves by new deep water HLGN model

Rogue waves pose a significant threat to the safety of ships and offshore structures, making it crucial to understand their physical mechanisms, such as spatial-temporal focusing, which can lead to their formation. This study investigates three-dimensional focused waves using the newly developed deep-water high-level Green-Naghdi (HLGN) model. Through numerical simulations, we evaluate the selection of the involved wave numbers within the HLGN model and present the algorithm for the three-dimensional implementation. Validation of the model is conducted through numerical reproduction of the three-dimensional focused waves considered in other’s laboratory measurements. The simulated wave profiles and velocity fields are compared with experimental data, demonstrating strong agreement. Discussion is provided about the robustness and accuracy of the HLGN model in simulating three-dimensional focused waves under deep-water conditions.