由于护士短缺而改变的做法：一项质的探索性研究

IF 3.1 Q1 NURSING

International Journal of Nursing Studies Advances Pub Date : 2025-04-21 DOI:10.1016/j.ijnsa.2025.100334

Mia Ingerslev Loft , Stina Marlo Posborg , Lone Lundbak Mathiesen , Sidsel Goor Pedersen , Maria Brudsø , Rie Forsberg , Thomas Sellberg Nielsen , Christian Gybel Jensen

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引用次数: 0

摘要

护士在病人的护理和治疗中起着至关重要的作用。据世界卫生组织称，护士短缺。护士招聘的减少导致了新形式的任务转移，其他专业人员被雇用来接管传统上由护士执行的特定任务，他们的目的是减轻护士处理其他基本任务的压力。目的探讨护士对其他专业人员接管传统护理任务的经验和态度。设计本研究采用解释学方法的定性探索性研究设计。我们进行了半结构化的采访。护士是从丹麦首都地区两个地点的一家医院招募的。这些护士来自六个不同的神经内科，分别代表急性神经内科住院、住院康复和门诊。参与者：该研究包括27名参与者；临床护士、专科护士和护士管理人员。方法本研究采用解释学方法。我们使用了一个采访指南，利用现有的文献，背景知识和已知的差距来探索。所有采访都有录音和文字记录。本文采用定性内容分析法进行分析。结果通过分析，了解护士对其他专业人员接管传统护理工作的感受。这是通过5个不同的类别和一个总体主题来描述的；成为一名护士，帮助和照顾有需要的人-护理是什么，护士短缺造成的必要性，工作流程和任务的变化-支持和不确定性，组织和实施变化，护士之家-一个复杂的整体。结论护士接手传统护理任务后的经历和对其他专业人员的态度是复杂的、多方面的。在护理实践中发生的变化，被护士视为一种强制性的，但被接受的有益的必要性，以减轻他们在日常工作中的负担，并为护理领域贡献专业知识。尽管如此，变化的影响受到任务的复杂性、工作流程和实践结构的限制，也受到目前专业护理是什么以及应该努力成为什么的理想的限制。在决定纳入哪些专业以及如何有效地做到这一点时，护士是必不可少的，但在研究和制定未来决策时，纳入新潜在专业人士的观点同样重要。摘要护理人员短缺导致的实践变化——从护士的角度探索任务转移的新形式。

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Changing practices due to a shortage of nurses: A qualitative exploratory study

Background

Nurses have a vital role in the care and treatment of patients. According to the World Health Organization, there is a shortage of nurses. Low nurse recruitment has led to new forms of task shifting, where other professionals are hired to take over specific tasks traditionally performed by nurses, their purpose being to relieve nurses to deal with other essential tasks.

Objective

The aim of this study was to explore the experiences and attitudes of nurses towards other professionals taking over traditional nursing tasks.

Design

This study utilised a qualitative explorative research design with a hermeneutic approach. We conducted semi-structured interviews.

Setting

Nurses were recruited from a hospital over two locations in the Capital Region of Denmark. The nurses were from six different neurological units, representing acute neurological inpatient settings, inpatient rehabilitation, and an outpatient setting.

Participants

The study included 27 participants; clinical nurses, nurse specialists and nurse managers.

Methods

Our study was based on a hermeneutic approach. We used an interview guide that drew on the existing literature, background knowledge and known gaps to explore. All interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed. The text was analysed using qualitative content analysis.

Results

The analysis provided insights into how nurses experience the trend of other professionals taking over traditional nursing tasks. This was described through 5 different categories and one overall theme; Becoming a nurse, To help and care for someone in need - what nursing is about, A necessity caused by the nurse shortage, Changes in workflows and tasks – support and uncertainty, Organising and implementing changes, Home of the nurses – a complex whole.

Conclusions

The nurses’ experiences and attitudes towards other professionals as they took over traditional nursing tasks were complex and multifaceted. The changes happening in the nursing practice, were seen by nurses as a forced but accepted helpful necessity to relieve them in their everyday work and contribute with specialised knowledge, to the field of nursing. Still, the effects of changes were limited by the complexity of tasks, workflows and structures within the practice, and by present ideals of what professional nursing is and should strive to be. Nurses are essential to include when deciding which professions to include, and how it can be done effectively, but it is just as important to include perspectives of new potential professionals both in research and when making decisions for the future.