非典型核小体的结构多样性：在染色质中的功能

IF 6.1 2区生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Current opinion in structural biology Pub Date : 2025-04-30 DOI:10.1016/j.sbi.2025.103054

Suguru Hatazawa, Naoki Horikoshi, Hitoshi Kurumizaka

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引用次数: 0

摘要

在真核生物中，基因组DNA被压缩成染色质，核小体作为其基本结构单位。除了典型核小体外，非典型核小体，如六体、H3-H4八体和重叠二核小体，具有不同的组蛋白组成，在染色质重塑、转录和复制中发挥关键作用。最近的冷冻电镜（cryo-EM）研究已经阐明了这些非典型核小体的结构细节及其与组蛋白伴侣和染色质重塑子的相互作用。本文综述了非典型核小体的结构和功能及其在维持染色质完整性和促进转录动力学中的作用的最新进展。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Structural diversity of noncanonical nucleosomes: Functions in chromatin

In eukaryotes, genomic DNA is compacted into chromatin, with nucleosomes acting as its basic structural units. In addition to canonical nucleosomes, noncanonical nucleosomes, such as hexasomes, H3–H4 octasomes, and overlapping dinucleosomes, exhibit alternative histone compositions and play key roles in chromatin remodeling, transcription, and replication. Recent cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) studies have elucidated the structural details of these noncanonical nucleosomes and their interactions with histone chaperones and chromatin remodelers. This review highlights recent advances in the structural and functional understanding of noncanonical nucleosomes and their roles in maintaining chromatin integrity and facilitating transcriptional dynamics.

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来源期刊

Current opinion in structural biology 生物-生化与分子生物学

CiteScore

12.20

自引率

2.90%

发文量

179

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Current Opinion in Structural Biology (COSB) aims to stimulate scientifically grounded, interdisciplinary, multi-scale debate and exchange of ideas. It contains polished, concise and timely reviews and opinions, with particular emphasis on those articles published in the past two years. In addition to describing recent trends, the authors are encouraged to give their subjective opinion of the topics discussed. In COSB, we help the reader by providing in a systematic manner: 1. The views of experts on current advances in their field in a clear and readable form. 2. Evaluations of the most interesting papers, annotated by experts, from the great wealth of original publications. [...] The subject of Structural Biology is divided into twelve themed sections, each of which is reviewed once a year. Each issue contains two sections, and the amount of space devoted to each section is related to its importance. -Folding and Binding- Nucleic acids and their protein complexes- Macromolecular Machines- Theory and Simulation- Sequences and Topology- New constructs and expression of proteins- Membranes- Engineering and Design- Carbohydrate-protein interactions and glycosylation- Biophysical and molecular biological methods- Multi-protein assemblies in signalling- Catalysis and Regulation