Emerging New-generation Colloidal Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals with White Photoluminescence

Recently, halide perovskites have sparked significant research interest as novel phosphor materials for white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs) due to their high photoluminescence efficiency, adjustable fluorescence properties, and straightforward fabrication processes. Efforts have also been directed towards simplifying WLED fabrication through the development of single-component white-emitting phosphors, with certain halide perovskites proving suitable for this purpose. This review specifically focuses on various design approaches and emission mechanisms of white photoluminescent colloidal halide perovskite nanocrystals (CHPN) and their derivatives, irrespective of dimensional and materials types of perovskite. We compare three distinct sources of white light: narrow band edge free excitonic emission, dopant emission, and other broad-band emissions. The review supplements the potential of CHPN as single phosphors for WLEDs, highlighting their role in achieving cost-effective and environment friendly lighting solutions. Recent advancements and associated limitations of WLED fabricated with white-emitting CHPN are thoroughly assessed. Finally, we outline current challenges and propose future research directions aimed at achieving high-quality CHPN with white photoluminescence that meets commercial standards.