Three-dimensional C–MoS2–NiFeO@NF nanohybrids as highly efficient bifunctional catalysts for overall water splitting

Creating cost-effective dual-functional catalysts that exhibit superior performance and durability is essential for the advancement of water splitting technology. In this study, C–MoS₂–NiFeO composites were fabricated as bifunctional electrocatalysts on nickel foam (NF) through a combination of hydrothermal synthesis and furnace calcination. The resulting three-dimensional structure provides an abundance of catalytically active sites and enhances conductivity during electrochemical processes. As a result, the C–MoS₂–NiFeO@NF electrode showcased remarkable performance in the oxygen evolution reaction, achieving a minimal overpotential of 260 mV at a current density of 100 mA cm⁻² and exhibiting a Tafel slope of 30 mV·dec⁻¹. Moreover, the material displayed exceptional activity for the hydrogen evolution reaction, necessitating just 200 mV of overpotential to reach a current density of 100 mA cm⁻², along with a Tafel slope of 55 mV·dec⁻¹. These results underscore the potential of C–MoS₂–NiFeO@NF as a promising dual functional catalyst for overall water splitting.