The Future of Personalized Cancer Vaccines

In early clinical studies, genomics-guided personalized cancer vaccines (PCVs) have demonstrated the capabilities of inducing long-term, tumor-specific immune responses across various malignancies, clinical settings, and treatment regimens. Now that PCVs have advanced to large-scale, randomized clinical trials, we are at a pivotal time. The future success of PCVs will likely be dictated by our collective ability to apply and iterate upon the foundational lessons from early and ongoing in-depth studies so that we can rationally exploit the cytolytic capabilities of PCVs to eradicate advanced cancer, cure patients in the adjuvant setting, and prevent the development of malignancy in high-risk patients.