Preparation and electrochemical properties of Co3O4 as potential electrode materials for supercapacitor and battery applications

The increasing economy and population require sustainable and high-performance electrical energy storage solutions. Green synthesis routes are preferred for nanoparticle production due to their low toxicity, cost-effectiveness, and environmentally friendly nature. This study focuses on the green synthesis of cobalt oxide (Co₃O₄) nanoparticles using bougainvillea flower extract. PXRD (Powder X-ray diffractometry) analysis confirmed the crystalline nature of the Co₃O₄, representing a face-centered cubic structure with a crystallite size between 20 and 28 nm, SEM (Scanning electron microscopy) indicates a spherical morphology. Electrochemical performance was evaluated, with Co₃O₄ as an electrode material for supercapacitor and battery applications. redox peaks, electrochemical interactions, and charge/discharge cycles were explored using cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The prepared Co₃O₄ electrode demonstrated a superior specific capacity of 1317 F/g at a scan rate of 20 mV/s. All the results suggest that the prepared material has potential for energy storage applications.