DBMGNet: A Dual-Branch Mamba-GCN Network for Hyperspectral Image Classification

In hyperspectral image (HSI) classification, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) excel at local feature modeling but are limited to Euclidean space. Transformers offer long-range dependence modeling but suffer from high computational complexity. In contrast, graph convolutional networks (GCNs) can process information in non-Euclidean space, compensating for the limitations of CNNs. Meanwhile, the state-space model (SSM) Mamba, thanks to its linear complexity and strong long-range dependence modeling, shows great potential to offer an alternative to Transformers for HSI classification. To address the limitations of CNNs and Transformers while exploiting the potential of Mamba, we propose a dual-branch hybrid architecture named DBMGNet that combines Mamba with GCN for the HSI classification. In the Mamba branch, we design band selection enhanced bidirectional Mamba (BSEBM), which leverages Mamba’s long-range dependence modeling and sequential modeling capabilities to process spatial-spectral information. In the GCN branch, we apply reparameterized Chebyshev graph convolution (RCGC) to model similarity dependencies in non-Euclidean space, along with designing an adjacency matrix based on the intrinsic characteristics of HSIs. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our DBMGNet achieves the state-of-the-art performance of HSI classification against 13 mainstream approaches. The code for this work will be available at: https://github.com/Wanghao00pro/DBMGNet