加拿大娱乐性大麻合法化后五年内大麻态度和观念的变化：一项社区成年人观察队列研究的结果

IF 4.4 2区医学 Q1 SUBSTANCE ABUSE

International Journal of Drug Policy Pub Date : 2025-04-21 DOI:10.1016/j.drugpo.2025.104782

Amanda Doggett , Kyla L. Belisario , André J. McDonald , Jane De Jesus , Emily Vandehei , Jessica Gillard , Laura Lee , James MacKillop

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引用次数: 0

摘要

社会可接受性和感知到的风险/效益是影响药物使用的关键态度因素，对大麻合法化的一个主要关切是，更有利的态度增加，最终导致更多的大麻滥用。本研究通过对社区成年人的纵向观察，调查了加拿大大麻合法化后5年内对大麻可接受性和风险/收益的看法。加拿大是七国集团中第一个在全国范围内实现大麻合法化的国家。方法参与者（60%为女性，年龄中位数为29岁，48%报告大麻使用合法化前）是来自普通社区的非临床成年人，他们在2018年9月至2023年10月期间接受了多达11次评估（平均波数= 9.9）。调查了总体时间态度变化以及大麻合法化前使用状况是否缓和了这些变化。结果随着时间的推移，任何娱乐性大麻使用（OR [95% CI]: 1.06[1.05, 1.07]）和尝试大麻（OR [95% CI]: 1.02[1.01, 1.03]）的社会可接受性显著增加，而医用大麻使用的可接受性下降（0.95[0.94,0.96]）。同时，随着时间的推移，经常使用大麻被认为风险更大（0.97[0.96,0.98]），成瘾可能性更大（0.94[0.93,0.95]）。随着时间的推移，大麻对健康的益处明显不太可能得到认可，而感知到的风险显著增加，包括加剧压力、焦虑和抑郁；使现有的医疗状况恶化；扰乱睡眠。主持人分析发现，未在大麻合法化前使用大麻的参与者对偶尔和经常使用大麻的社会接受度明显增加，对大麻相关风险的认可增加幅度较小。结论加拿大大麻合法化后社会可接受性的转变与感知健康相关风险的增加和感知益处的减少是平行的。有必要继续监测加拿大大麻合法化后态度的变化，以便了解对最大的国家合法大麻管辖区以及考虑监管改革的其他司法管辖区的影响。

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Changes in cannabis attitudes and perceptions in the five years following recreational legalization in Canada: Findings from an observational cohort study of community adults

Background

Social acceptability and perceived risks/benefits are key attitudinal factors that influence substance use, and a major concern about cannabis legalization is an increase in more favourable attitudes ultimately leading to greater cannabis misuse. This study investigated perceptions of cannabis acceptability and risks/benefits over the 5 years following legalization in Canada, the first G7 nation to have legalized cannabis nationally, in a longitudinal observational cohort of community adults.

Methods

Participants (60 % female, median age = 29, 48% reporting cannabis use pre-legalization) were non-clinical adults from the general community who were assessed up to 11 times from September 2018 to October 2023 (mean waves = 9.9). Overall temporal attitudinal changes and whether changes were moderated by pre-legalization cannabis use status were examined.

Results

Significant increases over time were present for social acceptability of any recreational cannabis use (OR [95% CI]: 1.06 [1.05, 1.07]) and trying cannabis (1.02 [1.01, 1.03]), while acceptability of medical cannabis use decreased (0.95 [0.94, 0.96]). Meanwhile, regular cannabis use was perceived as riskier (0.97 [0.96, 0.98]) and addiction potential was perceived as greater (0.94 [0.93, 0.95]) over time. Perceived health-related benefits of cannabis were significantly less likely to be endorsed over time, while there were significant increases in perceived risks, including exacerbating stress, anxiety, and depression; exacerbating existing medical conditions; and disrupting sleep. Moderator analyses found participants not using cannabis pre-legalization showed significantly steeper increases towards greater social acceptability of occasional and regular use, and less steep increases in endorsement of cannabis-related risks.

Conclusions

Shifting social acceptability of cannabis post-legalization in Canada is paralleled by increases in perceived health-related risks and decreases in perceived benefits. Continued surveillance of attitudinal changes following legalization in Canada is warranted to inform the impacts in the largest national legal cannabis jurisdiction as well as other jurisdictions considering regulatory reform.

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来源期刊

International Journal of Drug Policy SUBSTANCE ABUSE-

CiteScore

7.80

自引率

11.40%

发文量

307

审稿时长

62 days

期刊介绍： The International Journal of Drug Policy provides a forum for the dissemination of current research, reviews, debate, and critical analysis on drug use and drug policy in a global context. It seeks to publish material on the social, political, legal, and health contexts of psychoactive substance use, both licit and illicit. The journal is particularly concerned to explore the effects of drug policy and practice on drug-using behaviour and its health and social consequences. It is the policy of the journal to represent a wide range of material on drug-related matters from around the world.