Clinical experience with calcaneal skeletal traction in the treatment of ankle fracture-dislocation caused by riding electric bicycles: A case series

Background

There is limited literature on ankle fracture-dislocations specifically associated with electric bicycle accidents. This study aims to contribute to the understanding of this specific injury pattern by analyzing cases treated in our department.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients who sustained ankle fracture-dislocations caused by riding electric bicycles were treated in our department between November 2020 and January 2024. Radiological evaluations were performed for each patient. All patients underwent immediate closed reduction using a calcaneal skeletal traction (CST) device, followed by open reduction and internal fixation once skin swelling subsided. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) hindfoot score, and statistical analyses were performed using SPSS Statistics version 25.0.

Results

The cohort consisted of three male and two female patients, with an average age of 43.2 ± 19.33 years. The mean duration of calcaneal skeletal traction was 181.6 ± 85.81 h. Patients were followed up for an average of 39.20±1.64 months, during which the average AOFAS score was 93.2 ± 10.16. Four patients achieved excellent outcomes, while one had a fair result. The average range of motion (ROM) loss was 3.6 ± 3.65 ° in dorsiflexion and 7.2 ± 4.71 ° in plantarflexion. All patients exhibited significant ankle stability and fracture healing.

Conclusion

Calcaneal skeletal traction is a critical intervention for achieving favorable clinical outcomes in patients with ankle fracture-dislocations caused by riding electric bicycles. This study highlights its effectiveness in ensuring fracture healing and restoring ankle stability without major complications.

Level of evidence

Level IV, case series.