[The critical role of biomechanics in the management and pathogenesis of ocular diseases].

Biomechanics is an interdisciplinary field that studies the intrinsic relationship between biology and mechanics. It plays a crucial role in the occurrence, development, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases. In ophthalmology, biomechanics is particularly relevant to the mechanisms of ocular growth, development, pathological changes, injury repair, disease progression, and the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches associated with ocular diseases. This article addresses three key aspects: the insufficient attention given to biomechanics in ophthalmology, the potential of biomechanics as a critical breakthrough in overcoming clinical challenges in ophthalmic diagnosis and treatment, and the need to gradually establish a new diagnostic and therapeutic paradigm that incorporates biomechanics. We emphasize the importance of biomechanics in the pathogenesis and diagnosis of ocular diseases, highlight the urgent issues, and advocate for greater focus on the role of biomechanics to guide clinical practice.