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{"title":"粒子理论的代数路线图","authors":"Nichol Furey","doi":"10.1002/andp.202400323","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>An optimal algebraic framework of particle physics has a number of checkpoints to pass. As a minimum, models should <span></span><math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mo>⟨</mo>\n <mn>1</mn>\n <mo>⟩</mo>\n </mrow>\n <annotation>$\\langle 1 \\rangle$</annotation>\n </semantics></math> conform to the Coleman-Mandula theorem (or establish a loophole), <span></span><math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mo>⟨</mo>\n <mn>2</mn>\n <mo>⟩</mo>\n </mrow>\n <annotation>$\\langle 2 \\rangle$</annotation>\n </semantics></math> evade familiar fermion doubling problems, <span></span><math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mo>⟨</mo>\n <mn>3</mn>\n <mo>⟩</mo>\n </mrow>\n <annotation>$\\langle 3 \\rangle$</annotation>\n </semantics></math> naturally explain the Standard Model's chirality, <span></span><math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mo>⟨</mo>\n <mn>4</mn>\n <mo>⟩</mo>\n </mrow>\n <annotation>$\\langle 4 \\rangle$</annotation>\n </semantics></math> exclude B-L gauge symmetry at low energy, and <span></span><math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mo>⟨</mo>\n <mn>5</mn>\n <mo>⟩</mo>\n </mrow>\n <annotation>$\\langle 5 \\rangle$</annotation>\n </semantics></math> explain the existence of three generations. The framework introduced in ref. [1] is shown to passes checkpoints <span></span><math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mo>⟨</mo>\n <mn>1</mn>\n <mo>⟩</mo>\n <mo>,</mo>\n <mo>⟨</mo>\n <mn>2</mn>\n <mo>⟩</mo>\n <mo>,</mo>\n <mo>⟨</mo>\n <mn>3</mn>\n <mo>⟩</mo>\n <mo>,</mo>\n <mo>⟨</mo>\n <mn>4</mn>\n <mo>⟩</mo>\n </mrow>\n <annotation>$\\langle 1 \\rangle, \\langle 2 \\rangle, \\langle 3 \\rangle, \\langle 4 \\rangle$</annotation>\n </semantics></math>, and has yet to cross <span></span><math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mo>⟨</mo>\n <mn>5</mn>\n <mo>⟩</mo>\n </mrow>\n <annotation>$\\langle 5 \\rangle$</annotation>\n </semantics></math>. The discussion is concluded by elucidating an unexpected appearance of spacetime symmetries.</p>","PeriodicalId":7896,"journal":{"name":"Annalen der Physik","volume":"537 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2000,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/andp.202400323","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"An Algebraic Roadmap of Particle Theories\",\"authors\":\"Nichol Furey\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/andp.202400323\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p>An optimal algebraic framework of particle physics has a number of checkpoints to pass. As a minimum, models should <span></span><math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mo>⟨</mo>\\n <mn>1</mn>\\n <mo>⟩</mo>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation>$\\\\langle 1 \\\\rangle$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math> conform to the Coleman-Mandula theorem (or establish a loophole), <span></span><math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mo>⟨</mo>\\n <mn>2</mn>\\n <mo>⟩</mo>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation>$\\\\langle 2 \\\\rangle$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math> evade familiar fermion doubling problems, <span></span><math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mo>⟨</mo>\\n <mn>3</mn>\\n <mo>⟩</mo>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation>$\\\\langle 3 \\\\rangle$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math> naturally explain the Standard Model's chirality, <span></span><math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mo>⟨</mo>\\n <mn>4</mn>\\n <mo>⟩</mo>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation>$\\\\langle 4 \\\\rangle$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math> exclude B-L gauge symmetry at low energy, and <span></span><math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mo>⟨</mo>\\n <mn>5</mn>\\n <mo>⟩</mo>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation>$\\\\langle 5 \\\\rangle$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math> explain the existence of three generations. The framework introduced in ref. [1] is shown to passes checkpoints <span></span><math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mo>⟨</mo>\\n <mn>1</mn>\\n <mo>⟩</mo>\\n <mo>,</mo>\\n <mo>⟨</mo>\\n <mn>2</mn>\\n <mo>⟩</mo>\\n <mo>,</mo>\\n <mo>⟨</mo>\\n <mn>3</mn>\\n <mo>⟩</mo>\\n <mo>,</mo>\\n <mo>⟨</mo>\\n <mn>4</mn>\\n <mo>⟩</mo>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation>$\\\\langle 1 \\\\rangle, \\\\langle 2 \\\\rangle, \\\\langle 3 \\\\rangle, \\\\langle 4 \\\\rangle$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math>, and has yet to cross <span></span><math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mo>⟨</mo>\\n <mn>5</mn>\\n <mo>⟩</mo>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation>$\\\\langle 5 \\\\rangle$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math>. The discussion is concluded by elucidating an unexpected appearance of spacetime symmetries.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":7896,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Annalen der Physik\",\"volume\":\"537 4\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.2000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-02-12\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/andp.202400323\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Annalen der Physik\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"101\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/andp.202400323\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"物理与天体物理\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Annalen der Physik","FirstCategoryId":"101","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/andp.202400323","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
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