黑箱中的参与式政策流程？利益相关者关于德国国家营养战略发展的访谈

IF 3.6 3区医学 Q1 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES

Health Policy Pub Date : 2025-03-04 DOI:10.1016/j.healthpol.2025.105298

Marike Andreas, Anna K. Kaiser , Falko F. Sniehotta

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引用次数: 0

摘要

如果管理得当，利益相关者参与政策过程可以使过程更有效、更民主，并在复杂的政策领域促进共识。然而，对于推动利益相关者有意义地参与国家层面的政策制定的条件，人们知之甚少。我们调查了德国2024年国家营养战略，以了解有意义的利益相关者参与的条件。方法我们邀请德国国家营养战略正式列出的所有利益相关者组织（N = 123）参加30分钟的半结构化访谈。在采访中，我们询问了他们对这个过程的看法。访谈记录与MAXQDA分析。使用Clarke和Brown的主题分析方法，我们归纳编码了对策略的积极和消极看法。结果来自54家机构的55位专家参与了访谈。他们代表行业协会（n = 15）和公共部门研究人员（n = 14），其次是非政府组织（n = 13）。利益攸关方欢迎营养战略制定的参与性，认为这是一个机会，可以贡献自己的观点，推动健康和可持续性方面的政治变革。与其他利益相关者建立网络也被视为一项积极成果。然而，许多人对这一进程缺乏透明度表示关切，特别是他们的投入将如何影响最终战略。一些人担心他们的参与会使他们不支持的结果合法化。结论德国国家营养战略的参与性过程类似于协商。我们的访谈表明，透明的沟通，特别是明确如何使用利益相关者的投入，对于鼓励真正的合作至关重要。这些见解可以帮助决策者充分利用利益相关者的参与。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

Participatory policy processes in a black box? Stakeholder interviews about the development of Germany´s national nutrition strategy

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Participatory policy processes in a black box? Stakeholder interviews about the development of Germany´s national nutrition strategy

Background

Stakeholder participation in policy processes can make processes more effective, democratic, and foster consensus in complex policy fields – if managed well. However, little is known about the conditions driving meaningful stakeholder participation in national-level policymaking.

Objective

We investigated Germany's 2024 national nutrition strategy to understand conditions for meaningful stakeholder participation.

Method

We invited all organisations officially listed as stakeholders in Germany's national nutrition strategy (N = 123) to participate in 30-minute semi-structured interviews. In the interviews, we asked about their perceptions of the process. Interviews were transcribed and analysed with MAXQDA. Using Clarke and Brown's approach to thematic analysis, we inductively coded positive and negative perceptions of the strategy.

Results

A total of 55 experts from 54 organizations participated in the interviews. They represented industry associations (n = 15) and public-sector researchers (n = 14), followed by NGOs (n = 13). Stakeholders welcomed the participatory nature of the nutrition strategy development, seeing it as an opportunity to contribute their perspectives and drive political change in health and sustainability. Building networks with other stakeholders was also seen as a positive outcome. However, many expressed concerns about the lack of transparency in the process - in particular how their input would influence the final strategy. Some feared their participation would legitimize outcomes they could not support.

Conclusion

The participatory process to inform Germany's national nutrition strategy resembled a consultation. Our interviews suggest that transparent communication, especially clarity on how stakeholder input is used, is crucial to encourage genuine collaboration. These insights can help policymakers fully leverage stakeholder participation.

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来源期刊

Health Policy 医学-卫生保健

CiteScore

6.40

自引率

6.10%

发文量

157

审稿时长

3-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Health Policy is intended to be a vehicle for the exploration and discussion of health policy and health system issues and is aimed in particular at enhancing communication between health policy and system researchers, legislators, decision-makers and professionals concerned with developing, implementing, and analysing health policy, health systems and health care reforms, primarily in high-income countries outside the U.S.A.