Análisis de los indicadores de seguridad del paciente en las complicaciones por cuidados durante la hospitalización

Objective

To Analyze AHRQ Patient Safety Indicators (PSI) obtained through the Minimum Basic Data Set (MBDS) in improving patient safety.

Method

Observational descriptive and retroprective study. The CMBD hospital discharge registry of 342 hospitals of the National Health System was included. The MBDS indicators and analysis axes were from 2021 and the hospitalization MBDS information included the following general data: total discharges, average stay, average age and % mortality. Four patient safety indicators were analyzed: Pressure ulcers (PSI 03), Iatrogenic pneumothorax (PSI 06), Accidental puncture or tear in adults (PSI 15) and CVC-related to bloodstream infection (PSI 07).

Results

The PSI 06 and PSI 07 categories not only have a higher number of discharges, but also a longer average stay and mortality. In comparison, PSI 03 and PSI 15 categories show a much lower number of discharges, and a lower mortality and average stay. Conditions associated with PSI 06 and PSI 07 categories could be more severe or complex, leading to a longer hospital stay and a higher risk of mortality. According to relative risk analyses, all indicators show a slightly higher mortality risk in men than in women.

Conclusions

Advanced age and serious diagnoses, such as circulatory diseases or neoplasia, are associated with higher mortality and hospital stay. In relation to hospital size, smaller ones show higher risks and worse mortality outcomes. Therefore, these results could guide strategies to optimize resources and focus interventions on the most vulnerable groups.