{"title":"撒哈拉以南非洲的早期人力资本投资","authors":"Jere R. Behrman , Claudia Vazquez","doi":"10.1016/j.ijedudev.2025.103270","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article focuses on three general dimensions of support for human-capital development of Sub-Saharan African children under five years old: nurturing care, nutrition, and preprimary programs. We simulate the Costs of Inaction of under-investments in these three dimensions of early life human capital. For preprimary programs we also simulate the long-run economic losses due to program closures during the Covid-19 pandemic. Our results suggest that: (i) the Costs of Inaction of not implementing nutritional programs for all stunted children 0–2 years of age is close to 3 % of GDP in some countries with high prevalences of stunting; (ii) the Costs of Inaction of not reaching universal coverage in preprimary is 1.6 % of GDP on average for the region; (iii) the Costs of Inaction as a share of GDP of not expanding home-visits programs to children 3–5 years considered developmentally not on track is 2.6 % of GDP, on average for the region; and (iv) the costs of reducing preprimary school participation due to COVID-19 ranges from 0.1 % of GDP to 6.0 % of GDP depending on pre-pandemic preprimary participation rates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48004,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Educational Development","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 103270"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8000,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Early life human-capital investments in Sub-Saharan Africa\",\"authors\":\"Jere R. Behrman , Claudia Vazquez\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.ijedudev.2025.103270\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><div>This article focuses on three general dimensions of support for human-capital development of Sub-Saharan African children under five years old: nurturing care, nutrition, and preprimary programs. We simulate the Costs of Inaction of under-investments in these three dimensions of early life human capital. For preprimary programs we also simulate the long-run economic losses due to program closures during the Covid-19 pandemic. Our results suggest that: (i) the Costs of Inaction of not implementing nutritional programs for all stunted children 0–2 years of age is close to 3 % of GDP in some countries with high prevalences of stunting; (ii) the Costs of Inaction of not reaching universal coverage in preprimary is 1.6 % of GDP on average for the region; (iii) the Costs of Inaction as a share of GDP of not expanding home-visits programs to children 3–5 years considered developmentally not on track is 2.6 % of GDP, on average for the region; and (iv) the costs of reducing preprimary school participation due to COVID-19 ranges from 0.1 % of GDP to 6.0 % of GDP depending on pre-pandemic preprimary participation rates.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":48004,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"International Journal of Educational Development\",\"volume\":\"114 \",\"pages\":\"Article 103270\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.8000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-04-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"International Journal of Educational Development\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"95\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0738059325000689\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"教育学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International Journal of Educational Development","FirstCategoryId":"95","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0738059325000689","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH","Score":null,"Total":0}
Early life human-capital investments in Sub-Saharan Africa
This article focuses on three general dimensions of support for human-capital development of Sub-Saharan African children under five years old: nurturing care, nutrition, and preprimary programs. We simulate the Costs of Inaction of under-investments in these three dimensions of early life human capital. For preprimary programs we also simulate the long-run economic losses due to program closures during the Covid-19 pandemic. Our results suggest that: (i) the Costs of Inaction of not implementing nutritional programs for all stunted children 0–2 years of age is close to 3 % of GDP in some countries with high prevalences of stunting; (ii) the Costs of Inaction of not reaching universal coverage in preprimary is 1.6 % of GDP on average for the region; (iii) the Costs of Inaction as a share of GDP of not expanding home-visits programs to children 3–5 years considered developmentally not on track is 2.6 % of GDP, on average for the region; and (iv) the costs of reducing preprimary school participation due to COVID-19 ranges from 0.1 % of GDP to 6.0 % of GDP depending on pre-pandemic preprimary participation rates.
期刊介绍:
The purpose of the International Journal of Educational Development is to foster critical debate about the role that education plays in development. IJED seeks both to develop new theoretical insights into the education-development relationship and new understandings of the extent and nature of educational change in diverse settings. It stresses the importance of understanding the interplay of local, national, regional and global contexts and dynamics in shaping education and development. Orthodox notions of development as being about growth, industrialisation or poverty reduction are increasingly questioned. There are competing accounts that stress the human dimensions of development.