Comprehensive Review of Hybrid Absorption-Adsorption Techniques for Chromium Removal from Wastewater Using Magnetite-Zeolite Suspended in Glycol Slurry

Chromium is a highly toxic heavy metal linked to severe chronic respiratory diseases, including asthma, rhinitis, pulmonary fibrosis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Despite extensive research on chromium removal techniques such as adsorption, phytoremediation, and constructed wetlands, each method has inherent limitations in efficiency, selectivity, and long-term applicability. This review introduces a novel hybrid absorption-adsorption approach utilizing magnetite-zeolite suspended in glycol slurry as a promising alternative for chromium remediation. This is the first comprehensive review to systematically analyze this method, highlighting the unique physicochemical properties of magnetite-zeolite and its adsorption mechanisms. Furthermore, the review critically evaluates recent advancements, challenges, and potential improvements in this technique while providing recommendations for future research and practical applications. The insights presented in this study are expected to drive further experimental investigations and contribute to the development of more effective and sustainable strategies for chromium removal from wastewater.