Samikshaa Natarajan, Timothy W Secomb
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摘要

大脑的正常功能取决于充足的氧气供应。缺氧会在几分钟内对神经元造成不可逆转的损伤。对脑组织进行降温(低体温)可降低损伤速度,并可用于脑血流中断的手术,如主动脉弓重建手术。低体温会影响影响组织氧含量的几个因素,包括耗氧率、扩散性和溶解性。本研究的目标是预测低体温对脑组织氧分压的影响。根据文献数据估算了氧运输参数对温度的依赖性。基于 Krogh 气缸构造的理论模型用于预测低体温对毛细血管周围圆柱形组织区域氧分压分布的影响。对于给定的血流量和流入的氧含量,组织氧含量会随着温度的降低而增加。虽然组织中的氧扩散率会随着体温降低而下降,但耗氧量的减少会导致预测氧含量的净增加。因血流量减少而导致的组织缺氧可通过降低体温来改善。例如,如果血流量减少到正常值的 36%,温度降低 2.3°C 可以使组织氧含量超过缺氧范围。这些结果支持在血流量减少的情况下使用低体温来减少脑损伤。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Effects of reduced temperature on oxygen transport from capillaries to brain tissue.

The normal function of the brain depends on adequate oxygen supply. Oxygen deprivation (hypoxia) can result in irreversible damage to neurons within minutes. Cooling (hypothermia) of brain tissue can reduce the rate of damage, and is used in surgeries where blood flow to the brain is interrupted, such as aortic arch reconstruction. Hypothermia affects several factors that influence tissue oxygen levels, including oxygen consumption rate, diffusivity and solubility. The goal of the present work is to predict the effects of hypothermia on the partial pressure of oxygen in brain tissue. The dependence on temperature of parameters governing oxygen transport is estimated from literature data. A theoretical model based on the Krogh cylinder configuration is used to predict the effects of hypothermia on the distribution of oxygen partial pressure in the cylindrical tissue region surrounding a capillary. For a given blood flow rate and inflowing oxygen level, tissue oxygen levels are shown to increase with decreasing temperature. Although oxygen diffusivity in tissue declines with hypothermia, the reduction in oxygen consumption leads to a net increase in predicted oxygen levels. Tissue hypoxia resulting from reductions in blood flow rate can be ameliorated by reductions in temperature. For example, if blood flow is reduced to 36% of normal, temperature reduction by 2.3°C can increase tissue oxygen levels above the hypoxic range. The results support the use of hypothermia to reduce brain damage under conditions of reduced blood flow.

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