CD44及其在实体癌中的作用——综述:从肿瘤进展到预后和靶向治疗。

IF 3.3 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
João Martins Gama, Rui Caetano Oliveira
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引用次数: 0

摘要

CD44是一种在正常细胞中表达的跨膜蛋白,但在几种类型的癌症中过表达。CD44通过与细胞外基质的直接相互作用,诱导组织重塑,激活不同的细胞通路,如Akt或雷帕霉素的机制靶点(mTOR),以及刺激血管生成,在局部和全身肿瘤进展中发挥重要作用。作为一种预后标志物,CD44已被确定为癌症干细胞(CSCs)的主要参与者。具有CD44表型的CSC与化疗耐药相关,单独或与其他CSC标志物(如CD24或醛脱氢酶1 (ALDH1))联合使用,并可用于患者分层。在治疗方面,CD44已经被直接或间接地作为一个可行的靶点进行了探索。它显示出了良好的潜力,为其未来在临床环境中的应用铺平了道路。免疫组织化学有效检测CD44过表达,使患者能够准确选择手术和靶向抗CD44治疗。在这篇综述中,我们强调了CD44的特性,它在正常和肿瘤组织中的表达以及潜在的治疗选择。我们还讨论了该标志物的临床意义及其在治疗决策中的附加价值。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
CD44 and Its Role in Solid Cancers - A Review: From Tumor Progression to Prognosis and Targeted Therapy.

Cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44) is a transmembrane protein expressed in normal cells but overexpressed in several types of cancer. CD44 plays a major role in tumor progression, both locally and systemically, by direct interaction with the extracellular matrix, inducing tissue remodeling, activation of different cellular pathways, such as Akt or mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), and stimulation of angiogenesis. As a prognostic marker, CD44 has been identified as a major player in cancer stem cells (CSCs). CSCs with a CD44 phenotype are associated with chemoresistance, alone or in combination with other CSC markers, such as CD24 or aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1), and may be used for patient stratification. In the therapy setting, CD44 has been explored as a viable target, directly or indirectly. It has revealed promising potential, paving the way for its future use in the clinical setting. Immunohistochemistry effectively detects CD44 overexpression, enabling patients to be accurately selected for surgery and targeted anti-CD44 therapies. In this review, we highlight the properties of CD44, its expression in normal and tumoral tissues through immunohistochemistry and potential treatment options. We also discuss the clinical significance of this marker and its added value in therapeutic decision-making.

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