Aziah Daud, Ijlal Syamim Mohd Basri, Elyas Ahmad, Suhaily Mohd Hairon, Nor Azali Azmir, Azlis Sani Md Jalil, Rusli Nordin
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Given the high WMSD prevalence among motorcyclists and the rising road traffic accidents (RTAs) among delivery riders in Malaysia, a cross-sectional study was conducted to identify the determinants of WMSDs among this neglected group. <b>Methods</b>: A self-reported questionnaire consisting of sociodemographic factors, work-related factors, and a validated Malay-translated Standardised Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (M-SNMQ) was used to evaluate the WMSD symptoms and related factors among 191 food delivery riders in Eastern Peninsular Malaysia. An ergonomic risk assessment using the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) method and whole-body vibration (WBV) measurement was also conducted to elicit the WMSD risk and vibration exposure among the riders. The determinants of WMSDs were analysed using multiple logistic regression using SPSS 20.4. <b>Results</b>: This study revealed a high prevalence of WMSDs (74.9%) among food delivery riders in Eastern Peninsular Malaysia. Furthermore, three factors were found to be significantly associated with WMSDs among riders, namely the increasing average working days (aOR = 2.00; 95% CI = 1.34, 2.98; <i>p</i> = 0.001), whole-body vibration (WBV) above the exposure action value (EAV) limit (aOR = 2.71; 95% CI = 1.13, 6.53; <i>p</i> = 0.026), and not exercising before work (aOR = 21.63; 95% CI = 7.45, 62.79; <i>p</i> < 0.001). <b>Conclusions</b>: Targeted interventions are essential to mitigate ergonomic risks and enhance rider safety. Occupational health policies should prioritise pre-work exercise and WBV exposure reduction to minimise musculoskeletal strain. Future longitudinal studies are needed to evaluate the long-term impact of these risks on riders' health.</p>","PeriodicalId":12977,"journal":{"name":"Healthcare","volume":"13 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11941894/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Determinants of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Food Delivery Riders in Eastern Peninsular Malaysia: An Ergonomic Risk Assessment.\",\"authors\":\"Aziah Daud, Ijlal Syamim Mohd Basri, Elyas Ahmad, Suhaily Mohd Hairon, Nor Azali Azmir, Azlis Sani Md Jalil, Rusli Nordin\",\"doi\":\"10.3390/healthcare13060645\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) have been found to be the leading factor in disabilities and absenteeism among workers. Despite their growing numbers, WMSD prevalence and risk factors among food delivery riders remain underexplored. Given the high WMSD prevalence among motorcyclists and the rising road traffic accidents (RTAs) among delivery riders in Malaysia, a cross-sectional study was conducted to identify the determinants of WMSDs among this neglected group. <b>Methods</b>: A self-reported questionnaire consisting of sociodemographic factors, work-related factors, and a validated Malay-translated Standardised Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (M-SNMQ) was used to evaluate the WMSD symptoms and related factors among 191 food delivery riders in Eastern Peninsular Malaysia. An ergonomic risk assessment using the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) method and whole-body vibration (WBV) measurement was also conducted to elicit the WMSD risk and vibration exposure among the riders. The determinants of WMSDs were analysed using multiple logistic regression using SPSS 20.4. <b>Results</b>: This study revealed a high prevalence of WMSDs (74.9%) among food delivery riders in Eastern Peninsular Malaysia. Furthermore, three factors were found to be significantly associated with WMSDs among riders, namely the increasing average working days (aOR = 2.00; 95% CI = 1.34, 2.98; <i>p</i> = 0.001), whole-body vibration (WBV) above the exposure action value (EAV) limit (aOR = 2.71; 95% CI = 1.13, 6.53; <i>p</i> = 0.026), and not exercising before work (aOR = 21.63; 95% CI = 7.45, 62.79; <i>p</i> < 0.001). <b>Conclusions</b>: Targeted interventions are essential to mitigate ergonomic risks and enhance rider safety. Occupational health policies should prioritise pre-work exercise and WBV exposure reduction to minimise musculoskeletal strain. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
背景/目的：与工作有关的肌肉骨骼疾病（WMSDs）已被发现是导致工人残疾和缺勤的主要因素。尽管人数不断增加，但外卖司机中WMSD的患病率和风险因素仍未得到充分研究。考虑到马来西亚摩托车手中WMSD的高患病率和快递员中道路交通事故（rta）的上升，进行了一项横断面研究，以确定这一被忽视群体中WMSD的决定因素。方法：采用自我报告问卷，包括社会人口因素、工作相关因素和经验证的马来语翻译的标准化北欧肌肉骨骼问卷（M-SNMQ），对马来西亚东部半岛191名外卖骑手的WMSD症状及相关因素进行评估。采用快速全身评估（REBA）方法和全身振动（WBV）测量方法进行人体工程学风险评估，得出骑手的WMSD风险和振动暴露。采用SPSS 20.4对影响wmsd的因素进行多元logistic回归分析。结果：本研究揭示了马来西亚东半岛外卖骑手中WMSDs的高患病率（74.9%）。此外，发现三个因素与乘客的WMSDs显著相关，即平均工作日的增加(aOR = 2.00；95% ci = 1.34, 2.98；p = 0.001)，全身振动（WBV）高于暴露作用值（EAV）限值(aOR = 2.71；95% ci = 1.13, 6.53；p = 0.026)，上班前不锻炼(aOR = 21.63；95% ci = 7.45, 62.79；P < 0.001)。结论：有针对性的干预措施对于降低人体工程学风险和提高骑手安全至关重要。职业健康政策应优先考虑工作前锻炼和减少腰白病毒暴露，以尽量减少肌肉骨骼劳损。未来的纵向研究需要评估这些风险对乘客健康的长期影响。
Determinants of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Food Delivery Riders in Eastern Peninsular Malaysia: An Ergonomic Risk Assessment.
Background/Objectives: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) have been found to be the leading factor in disabilities and absenteeism among workers. Despite their growing numbers, WMSD prevalence and risk factors among food delivery riders remain underexplored. Given the high WMSD prevalence among motorcyclists and the rising road traffic accidents (RTAs) among delivery riders in Malaysia, a cross-sectional study was conducted to identify the determinants of WMSDs among this neglected group. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire consisting of sociodemographic factors, work-related factors, and a validated Malay-translated Standardised Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (M-SNMQ) was used to evaluate the WMSD symptoms and related factors among 191 food delivery riders in Eastern Peninsular Malaysia. An ergonomic risk assessment using the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) method and whole-body vibration (WBV) measurement was also conducted to elicit the WMSD risk and vibration exposure among the riders. The determinants of WMSDs were analysed using multiple logistic regression using SPSS 20.4. Results: This study revealed a high prevalence of WMSDs (74.9%) among food delivery riders in Eastern Peninsular Malaysia. Furthermore, three factors were found to be significantly associated with WMSDs among riders, namely the increasing average working days (aOR = 2.00; 95% CI = 1.34, 2.98; p = 0.001), whole-body vibration (WBV) above the exposure action value (EAV) limit (aOR = 2.71; 95% CI = 1.13, 6.53; p = 0.026), and not exercising before work (aOR = 21.63; 95% CI = 7.45, 62.79; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Targeted interventions are essential to mitigate ergonomic risks and enhance rider safety. Occupational health policies should prioritise pre-work exercise and WBV exposure reduction to minimise musculoskeletal strain. Future longitudinal studies are needed to evaluate the long-term impact of these risks on riders' health.
期刊介绍：
Healthcare (ISSN 2227-9032) is an international, peer-reviewed, open access journal (free for readers), which publishes original theoretical and empirical work in the interdisciplinary area of all aspects of medicine and health care research. Healthcare publishes Original Research Articles, Reviews, Case Reports, Research Notes and Short Communications. We encourage researchers to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. For theoretical papers, full details of proofs must be provided so that the results can be checked; for experimental papers, full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced. Additionally, electronic files or software regarding the full details of the calculations, experimental procedure, etc., can be deposited along with the publication as “Supplementary Material”.
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