IF 6.4 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOLOGY
eLife Pub Date : 2025-03-28 DOI:10.7554/eLife.100390
Pál Barzó, Ildikó Szöts, Martin Tóth, Éva Adrienn Csajbók, Gábor Molnár, Gábor Tamás
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引用次数: 0

摘要

大脑皮层的基本兴奋神经元--锥体细胞是局部回路中最重要的信号整合器。它们的形态学和电生理学特性颇具特色,在年轻和成年大脑皮层中,这些特性随着年龄的增长基本保持不变。然而,大脑在一生中会经历若干动态变化,如早期发育阶段和老年期大脑认知能力衰退阶段。我们开始寻找从出生到 85 岁这一广泛年龄段的颅上锥体细胞的内在细胞变化。在出生后的第一年,阈下和阈上的电生理特性发生了变化,这表明锥体细胞随着成熟而兴奋性降低,但也暂时变得更加精确。根据我们的研究结果,来自不同生命阶段的三维重建的形态特征显示出一致的形态特性,而对幼年和老年锥体细胞树突棘的系统分析显示,棘的形状分布存在明显的显著差异。总之,发育和衰老过程中发生的变化可能会对大脑皮层锥体细胞的特性产生持久影响。了解这些变化对于揭示大脑发育、认知以及与年龄相关的神经退行性疾病的复杂机制非常重要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Electrophysiology and morphology of human cortical supragranular pyramidal cells in a wide age range.

The basic excitatory neurons of the cerebral cortex, the pyramidal cells, are the most important signal integrators for the local circuit. They have quite characteristic morphological and electrophysiological properties that are known to be largely constant with age in the young and adult cortex. However, the brain undergoes several dynamic changes throughout life, such as in the phases of early development and cognitive decline in the aging brain. We set out to search for intrinsic cellular changes in supragranular pyramidal cells across a broad age range: from birth to 85 y of age and we found differences in several biophysical properties between defined age groups. During the first year of life, subthreshold and suprathreshold electrophysiological properties changed in a way that shows that pyramidal cells become less excitable with maturation, but also become temporarily more precise. According to our findings, the morphological features of the three-dimensional reconstructions from different life stages showed consistent morphological properties and systematic dendritic spine analysis of an infantile and an old pyramidal cell showed clear significant differences in the distribution of spine shapes. Overall, the changes that occur during development and aging may have lasting effects on the properties of pyramidal cells in the cerebral cortex. Understanding these changes is important to unravel the complex mechanisms underlying brain development, cognition, and age-related neurodegenerative diseases.

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来源期刊
eLife
eLife BIOLOGY-
CiteScore
12.90
自引率
3.90%
发文量
3122
审稿时长
17 weeks
期刊介绍: eLife is a distinguished, not-for-profit, peer-reviewed open access scientific journal that specializes in the fields of biomedical and life sciences. eLife is known for its selective publication process, which includes a variety of article types such as: Research Articles: Detailed reports of original research findings. Short Reports: Concise presentations of significant findings that do not warrant a full-length research article. Tools and Resources: Descriptions of new tools, technologies, or resources that facilitate scientific research. Research Advances: Brief reports on significant scientific advancements that have immediate implications for the field. Scientific Correspondence: Short communications that comment on or provide additional information related to published articles. Review Articles: Comprehensive overviews of a specific topic or field within the life sciences.
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