Thermo-Ablative Fractional CO2 Lasers Combined with 1540 nm Wavelengths Is a Promising Treatment Option in Stress Urinary Incontinence.

Background/Objectives: Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is a common and often under-reported condition that significantly impacts quality of life. SUI is more than just a physical issue; it can also affect social interactions, mental health, and emotional well-being due to the embarrassment and limitations it can cause. SUI is often acquired during pregnancy and childbirth as a result of pelvic floor muscle weakness. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an innovative dual-wavelength laser system (CO₂ + 1540 nm) in SUI management. Methods: A total of 56 women affected by SUI were enrolled in this study. Half of the patients were treated with CO₂ alone, while the other half were treated with the combination of CO₂ + 1540 nm wavelengths. The patients were split into four groups based on the type of treatment they received and their menopausal status. Data were acquired at baseline and at various follow-ups (T1, T2, and T3, respectively, after the first, second, and third treatment). The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) (score 0-10) was used. Cystoscopic images were acquired before and at the end of the laser treatment cycle. Results: At the end of the treatment, the patients in each group were very satisfied, on average. In each group, the treatment led to a statistically significant improvement in the SUI VAS score between baseline and follow-up after the first treatment; in both groups 3 and 4, the treatment led to a significant change in the dryness score, both from baseline to T1 (p < 0.05) and also for T2 and T3 compared to baseline. Finally, cystoscopic photos showed an evident increase in mucosa epithelial thickness after the laser treatment cycle. Conclusions: The use of a dual-wavelength laser system (CO₂ + 1540 nm) was proven to be well tolerated and safe, with promising outcomes in reducing SUI symptoms, especially in non-menopausal patients.