Review of advances and applications of weighted fracturing fluid technology

The increasing demand for energy has prompted exploration into deep and ultra-deep oil and gas reservoirs, where traditional fracturing fluids face limitations under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions. To address these challenges, weighted fracturing fluids have been developed, offering improved friction reduction, enhanced pressure control, and superior proppant transport. This review focuses on the recent advancements in weighted fracturing fluids, including the development of delayed crosslinking technologies, salt-resistant formulations, and high-temperature stable systems. Innovations such as enhanced crosslinkers and the use of nanomaterials have significantly improved the performance of fracturing fluids under extreme conditions, ensuring they maintain optimal viscosity and efficiency in deep well operations. These advancements not only enhance operational efficiency but also contribute to better wellbore stability, making weighted fracturing fluids a crucial technology in the sustainable development of deep and ultra-deep oil and gas resources. This review highlights the key research areas and the future outlook for weighted fracturing fluid technology in meeting the demands of complex reservoir environments.