Mehta Vedant Kamal, Krishnananda Prabhu, Krishna Sharan, Ananth Pai, Sanjiban Chakrabarty, Rama Rao Damerla, Preethi S. Shetty, Vijetha Shenoy Belle, Mahadev Rao, Naveena A. N. Kumar
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Investigation of the Molecular Mechanisms of Paraoxonase-2 Mediated Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy Resistance in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common form of cancer, with 390,000 new cases estimated for 2022. OSCC has a poor prognosis, largely due to a high recurrence rate and resistance to therapy. Cancer cells develop resistance to standard therapy owing to various factors, such as genetic predispositions, alterations in the apoptotic pathway coupled with DNA repair pathways, drug efflux, and drug detoxification. This review is aimed at exploring the crucial role of paraoxonase 2 (PON2) in conferring resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy in OSCC cells. PON2, an antioxidant enzyme, protects cancer cells from the oxidative stress caused by these treatments. By influencing apoptotic pathways and DNA repair mechanisms, PON2 can reduce the effectiveness of therapy. This review is an attempt to explore the complex molecular mechanisms modulated by PON2, such as the mitigation of oxidative stress, enhancement of DNA repair, apoptosis regulation, drug efflux modulation, and drug detoxification, which decrease treatment efficacy.
期刊介绍：
Clinical and Translational Science (CTS), an official journal of the American Society for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, highlights original translational medicine research that helps bridge laboratory discoveries with the diagnosis and treatment of human disease. Translational medicine is a multi-faceted discipline with a focus on translational therapeutics. In a broad sense, translational medicine bridges across the discovery, development, regulation, and utilization spectrum. Research may appear as Full Articles, Brief Reports, Commentaries, Phase Forwards (clinical trials), Reviews, or Tutorials. CTS also includes invited didactic content that covers the connections between clinical pharmacology and translational medicine. Best-in-class methodologies and best practices are also welcomed as Tutorials. These additional features provide context for research articles and facilitate understanding for a wide array of individuals interested in clinical and translational science. CTS welcomes high quality, scientifically sound, original manuscripts focused on clinical pharmacology and translational science, including animal, in vitro, in silico, and clinical studies supporting the breadth of drug discovery, development, regulation and clinical use of both traditional drugs and innovative modalities.
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