Eupatorin Mitigates Airway Inflammation in Ovalbumin-Induced Allergic Asthma in Mice by Regulating Th2 Cytokines and Oxidative Stress

Asthma is a prevalent airway inflammatory condition caused by exposure to various allergens. It is defined by the presence of airway inflammation, airway hyperresponsiveness, and excessive production of mucus. This work was undertaken to study the curative potentials of eupatorin against ovalbumin (OVA)-exposed asthma in mice. The influence of eupatorin on the RAW 264.7 cell growth were assessed by MTT test. The inflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide (NO) concentration in the RAW 264.7 cells was examined using kits. The antibacterial effects of eupatorin against H. influenza, S. pneumoniae, and C. pneumoniae were evaluated using the well diffusion technique. The impact of eupatorin on the inflammatory cells in OVA-treated asthma mice was evaluated. The Th2 cytokines, TNF-α, IgE, and IFN-γ weres evaluated using assay kits. The oxidative stress parameter levels were examined using the kits. The histopathological examination was performed on the lungs of the experimental mice. The current work demonstrates that the eupatorin treatment did not affect the RAW 264.7 cell growth. It also reduced the NO, TNF-α, and IL-6 concentrations in the LPS-exposed RAW 264.7 cells. Furthermore, the eupatorin treatment to OVA-induced mice led to a diminution in Th2 cytokine levels and inflammatory cell counts. The eupatorin treatment was found to decrease OVA-specific IgE and pro-inflammatory markers, which results in the alleviation of airway inflammation. The eupatorin treatment also improved the antioxidant status. The findings of the histopathological analysis demonstrated the curative properties of eupatorin against on asthmatic mice. The anti-asthmatic effects of eupatorin are attributed to its capacity to decrease airway inflammation and enhance antioxidant processes. Therefore, it is evident that eupatorin possesses anti-asthmatic properties, making it a promising therapeutic candidate to treat allergic asthma.