Birong Zhong, Guilong Zhou, Yong Yang, Jinlong Zhao, Lei Tian, Qin Ma
{"title":"根据与微笑相关的特征对摆出的微笑进行美学评估。","authors":"Birong Zhong, Guilong Zhou, Yong Yang, Jinlong Zhao, Lei Tian, Qin Ma","doi":"10.1007/s10006-025-01364-0","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to investigate the aesthetics evaluation of four smile-related characteristics among different genders and professional subgroups, including dental professionals (DPs), non-dental healthcare professionals (NDPs), and laypersons (LPs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Smile photographs were selected and digitally manipulated to determine changes in various smile aesthetic parameters (lip thickness ratio, smile line/smile index, upper lip curvature, and smile arc/dental curvature). These altered images were rated by Chinese participants (dental professionals, non-dental healthcare professionals, and laypersons). A total of 1469 subjects were recruited to complete the questionnaire. Smile aesthetics ratings were calculated, and comparisons between groups were made.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All respondents chose 1:1.5 lip thickness ratio, average smile line, upward upper lip curvature, and upward dental curvature (consonant smile arc) parallel to the lower lip curvature smile arc as the most attractive. Dental professionals (DPs) more focus on smile aesthetics compared to the others(p < 0.01). Significant differences were detected in the perception of smile-related characteristics across gender and professional subgroups(p < 0.05). In addition, there were significant differences in the attractiveness ratings for smiles among professional subgroups(p < 0.05). The most important factor influencing smile aesthetics in the present study was smile arc.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The smile-related characteristics of the smile, such as the lip thickness ratio, smile line, upper lip curvature, and smile arc are predominant factors influencing smile attractiveness and should be given priority when considering and managing aesthetic treatment plans. Females and DPs are more critical of smile aesthetics, and DPs are also focused more on smile aesthetics than laypersons. So it is necessary to account for the influence of gender and profession on personal evaluation and treatment plans.</p>","PeriodicalId":47251,"journal":{"name":"Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery-Heidelberg","volume":"29 1","pages":"71"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11928382/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Evaluation of aesthetics of posed smiles based on smile-related characteristics.\",\"authors\":\"Birong Zhong, Guilong Zhou, Yong Yang, Jinlong Zhao, Lei Tian, Qin Ma\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s10006-025-01364-0\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to investigate the aesthetics evaluation of four smile-related characteristics among different genders and professional subgroups, including dental professionals (DPs), non-dental healthcare professionals (NDPs), and laypersons (LPs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Smile photographs were selected and digitally manipulated to determine changes in various smile aesthetic parameters (lip thickness ratio, smile line/smile index, upper lip curvature, and smile arc/dental curvature). These altered images were rated by Chinese participants (dental professionals, non-dental healthcare professionals, and laypersons). A total of 1469 subjects were recruited to complete the questionnaire. Smile aesthetics ratings were calculated, and comparisons between groups were made.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All respondents chose 1:1.5 lip thickness ratio, average smile line, upward upper lip curvature, and upward dental curvature (consonant smile arc) parallel to the lower lip curvature smile arc as the most attractive. Dental professionals (DPs) more focus on smile aesthetics compared to the others(p < 0.01). Significant differences were detected in the perception of smile-related characteristics across gender and professional subgroups(p < 0.05). In addition, there were significant differences in the attractiveness ratings for smiles among professional subgroups(p < 0.05). The most important factor influencing smile aesthetics in the present study was smile arc.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The smile-related characteristics of the smile, such as the lip thickness ratio, smile line, upper lip curvature, and smile arc are predominant factors influencing smile attractiveness and should be given priority when considering and managing aesthetic treatment plans. Females and DPs are more critical of smile aesthetics, and DPs are also focused more on smile aesthetics than laypersons. So it is necessary to account for the influence of gender and profession on personal evaluation and treatment plans.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":47251,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery-Heidelberg\",\"volume\":\"29 1\",\"pages\":\"71\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-03-22\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11928382/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery-Heidelberg\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10006-025-01364-0\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery-Heidelberg","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10006-025-01364-0","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE","Score":null,"Total":0}
Evaluation of aesthetics of posed smiles based on smile-related characteristics.
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the aesthetics evaluation of four smile-related characteristics among different genders and professional subgroups, including dental professionals (DPs), non-dental healthcare professionals (NDPs), and laypersons (LPs).
Methods: Smile photographs were selected and digitally manipulated to determine changes in various smile aesthetic parameters (lip thickness ratio, smile line/smile index, upper lip curvature, and smile arc/dental curvature). These altered images were rated by Chinese participants (dental professionals, non-dental healthcare professionals, and laypersons). A total of 1469 subjects were recruited to complete the questionnaire. Smile aesthetics ratings were calculated, and comparisons between groups were made.
Results: All respondents chose 1:1.5 lip thickness ratio, average smile line, upward upper lip curvature, and upward dental curvature (consonant smile arc) parallel to the lower lip curvature smile arc as the most attractive. Dental professionals (DPs) more focus on smile aesthetics compared to the others(p < 0.01). Significant differences were detected in the perception of smile-related characteristics across gender and professional subgroups(p < 0.05). In addition, there were significant differences in the attractiveness ratings for smiles among professional subgroups(p < 0.05). The most important factor influencing smile aesthetics in the present study was smile arc.
Conclusion: The smile-related characteristics of the smile, such as the lip thickness ratio, smile line, upper lip curvature, and smile arc are predominant factors influencing smile attractiveness and should be given priority when considering and managing aesthetic treatment plans. Females and DPs are more critical of smile aesthetics, and DPs are also focused more on smile aesthetics than laypersons. So it is necessary to account for the influence of gender and profession on personal evaluation and treatment plans.
期刊介绍：
Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery founded as Mund-, Kiefer- und Gesichtschirurgie is a peer-reviewed online journal. It is designed for clinicians as well as researchers.The quarterly journal offers comprehensive coverage of new techniques, important developments and innovative ideas in oral and maxillofacial surgery and interdisciplinary aspects of cranial, facial and oral diseases and their management. The journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope on work in oral and maxillofacial surgery as well as supporting specialties. Practice-oriented articles help improve the methods used in oral and maxillofacial surgery.Every aspect of oral and maxillofacial surgery is fully covered through a range of invited review articles, clinical and research articles, technical notes, abstracts, and case reports. Specific topics are: aesthetic facial surgery, clinical pathology, computer-assisted surgery, congenital and craniofacial deformities, dentoalveolar surgery, head and neck oncology, implant dentistry, oral medicine, orthognathic surgery, reconstructive surgery, skull base surgery, TMJ and trauma.Time-limited reviewing and electronic processing allow to publish articles as fast as possible. Accepted articles are rapidly accessible online.Clinical studies submitted for publication have to include a declaration that they have been approved by an ethical committee according to the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki 1964 (last amendment during the 52nd World Medical Association General Assembly, Edinburgh, Scotland, October 2000). Experimental animal studies have to be carried out according to the principles of laboratory animal care (NIH publication No 86-23, revised 1985).
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