摘要
背景：近几十年来，全球人均预期寿命显著延长至约 73.5 岁，与此同时，老年人口迅速增长，这对促进健康老龄化和长寿构成了重大的公共卫生挑战：本研究旨在前瞻性地调查80岁及以上老年人无牙齿与达到百岁老人状态的可能性之间的联系：方法：分析中国健康长寿纵向调查的数据。方法：对中国健康长寿纵向调查的数据进行分析，采用逻辑回归模型评估无牙与成为百岁老人的可能性之间的关系。人口统计学特征、生活习惯和疾病史作为混杂因素进行了调整。为了进一步评估无牙齿与成为百岁老人的可能性之间的关系，还进行了几项敏感性分析，包括倾向得分匹配和两年滞后分析。此外，还评估了作为连续变量的天然牙齿数量与成为百岁老人的可能性之间的相关性：这项研究包括 4239 名 80-100 岁的参与者。在对所有协变量进行调整后，与无牙组相比，无牙组成为百岁老人的可能性增加（几率比 [OR] 1.384，95% CI 1.093-1.751）。经过倾向得分匹配分析后，这一关系仍然存在（OR 1.272，95% CI 1.037-1.561）。在排除随访时间少于 2 年的参与者后，该关系仍具有统计学意义（OR 1.522，95% CI 1.083-2.140；P=.02）。此外，在对所有协变量进行调整后，发现天然牙齿数量与成为百岁老人的可能性之间存在明显的正相关关系（OR 1.022，95% CI 1.002-1.042；P=.03），这与研究的主要结果一致：研究结果表明，天然牙齿的存在与成为百岁老人的概率增加有关，强调了即使在高龄时保持口腔健康的重要性。Background: In recent decades, the global life expectancy has risen notably to approximately 73.5 years worldwide, coinciding with a rapid growth in the older adult population, which presents a significant public health challenge in promoting healthy aging and longevity.
Objective: This study aimed to prospectively investigate the link between edentulousness and the likelihood of reaching centenarian status among individuals aged 80 years and older.
Methods: Data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey were analyzed. Logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship between edentulousness and the likelihood of becoming a centenarian. Demographic characteristics, lifestyle habits, and disease histories were adjusted as confounding factors. Several sensitivity analyses, including propensity score matching and 2-year lag analyses, were conducted to further assess the association between edentulousness and the likelihood of becoming a centenarian. The correlation between the number of natural teeth as a continuous variable and the likelihood of becoming a centenarian was evaluated as well.
Results: The study included 4239 participants aged 80-100 years. After adjusting for all covariates, the likelihood for becoming a centenarian increased in the nonedentulous group compared to the edentulous group (odds ratio [OR] 1.384, 95% CI 1.093-1.751). The relationship persisted after propensity score matching analysis (OR 1.272, 95% CI 1.037-1.561). The association remained statistically significant after excluding participants with a follow-up duration of less than 2 years (OR 1.522, 95% CI 1.083-2.140; P=.02). Furthermore, a significant positive association between the number of natural teeth and the likelihood of becoming a centenarian was found after adjusting for all covariates (OR 1.022, 95% CI 1.002-1.042; P=.03), which aligned with the main results of the study.
Conclusions: The findings revealed that the presence of natural teeth was linked to an increased probability of becoming a centenarian, underscoring the importance of maintaining oral health even in advanced age.
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