Factors influencing the incorporation of Entrustable Professional Activities into assessment in nutrition and dietetics education: A systematic review.

Aims: This study aimed to identify and synthesise the evidence on factors influencing the incorporation of Entrustable Professional Activities into assessment in nutrition and dietetics education.

Methods: A systematic review was conducted with a narrative synthesis and was undertaken and reported in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Six electronic databases were searched (MEDLINE, CINAHL, SCOPUS, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and EMBASE) on 9 September 2024. Methodological quality was assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program checklists. Key patterns identified from the narrative synthesis of the included manuscripts were labelled as themes and represented in a figure.

Results: Across the international literature, six articles were identified revealing six main and interconnected themes related to factors influencing the incorporation of Entrustable Professional Activities in nutrition and dietetics. In summary, development and review processes for Entrustable Professional Activities require key stakeholder engagement in addition to ensuring they are linked to assessment structures and existing frameworks. Furthermore, technology platforms and applications appeared to support Entrustable Professional Activity incorporation, and training is an important part of integration.

Conclusions: Further research on factors influencing incorporation is occurring and is suggested to continue, especially given Entrustable Professional Activities seemingly offer a tangible option to simplify the intricacy of competency-based assessment in work-based practice. However, further research to enhance understanding of whether Entrustable Professional Activities support nutrition and dietetics learners and assessors in undertaking high-quality assessment with utility is warranted.