Enhancing earthquake resilience: a review of friction pendulum seismic isolation techniques

Modern earthquake-resistant design has been revolutionized by seismic base isolation technologies, which provide cutting-edge ways to mitigate the destructive power of earthquakes on buildings. This paper delves into the technical aspects and benefits of several friction pendulum systems, including single, double, triple, and quintuple systems. It emphasizes how these systems effectively reduce seismic forces, dissipate energy, and enhance building performance in earthquakes. It takes a look at the novel base isolators' design considerations, force–displacement relationships, and advances in the modeling and design of these systems. The study's overarching goal is to synthesize the existing knowledge about friction pendulum systems in order to aid scientists, engineers, and politicians working on earthquake control building codes. This paper contributes to the ongoing efforts to strengthen structural resilience against seismic events by studying developments, temperature implications, problems, and research gaps in seismic base isolation. Significant reductions in building response, such as acceleration, inter-storey drift ratios, and base shear, has been seen with the adoption of friction pendulum systems.