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IF 4 2区社会学 Q1 SUBSTANCE ABUSE

Harm Reduction Journal Pub Date : 2025-03-14 DOI:10.1186/s12954-025-01183-2

Ajmal Sabawoon, Sima Naderi, Said Iftekhar Sadaat, Abdul Rasheed, Alim Atarud, Fatemeh Tavakoli, Hamid Sahrifi, Ali Mirzazadeh

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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景：在包括阿富汗在内的许多国家，注射吸毒者（PWID）仍然是艾滋病毒的高危人群。此前有关阿富汗艾滋病检测和流行情况的报告已于 2012 年发布。本研究评估了 2019 年至 2020 年阿富汗男性注射吸毒者中最近的 HIV 检测情况和自我报告的 HIV 感染率：我们走访了阿富汗 8 个城市中 374 个男性吸毒者经常聚集和与同伴会面的公共场所和热点，招募符合条件的参与者参与研究。通过访谈和调查，我们训练有素的访谈员收集了参与者的人口统计学、毒品种类、HIV 检测史和自我报告的 HIV 感染状况等数据。我们以场所和热点地区为群组对数据进行了分析，以报告近期 HIV 检测的百分比和自我报告的总体 HIV 感染率，以及根据人口统计学特征和地点定义的亚群的感染率：在 1385 名参与者中，大多数来自喀布尔市（28.9%），讲达里语（67.4%），年龄在 25-34 岁之间（42.1%），已婚（52.4%）。总体而言，70.7%（95% CI 67.6-73.6）的人在过去 12 个月内接受过艾滋病毒检测（坎大哈为 20.0%，马扎里沙里夫为 99.3%）。在曾经接受过艾滋病毒检测的人群中，20.7%（95% CI 17.8-24.0）（从扎朗的 0% 到喀布尔的 63.2%）报告艾滋病毒呈阳性：结论：与 2012 年的一项类似研究结果相比，我们发现阿富汗感染艾滋病者的艾滋病检测覆盖率有了显著提高。这一群体中自我报告的艾滋病毒感染率较高，这也凸显了在阿富汗，尤其是在喀布尔和贾拉拉巴德两座城市，为吸毒者开展有针对性的筛查和治疗项目的必要性。

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Recent HIV testing and self-reported HIV prevalence among men who inject drugs in Afghanistan: a nationwide survey in 2019-2020.

Background: People who inject drugs (PWID) remain at high risk for HIV in many countries, including Afghanistan. Previous reports on HIV testing and prevalence in Afghanistan were published in 2012. This study assessed recent HIV testing and self-reported HIV prevalence among male PWID in Afghanistan from 2019 to 2020.

Method: We visited 374 public venues and hotpots where PWID used to gather and meet their peers across 8 cities in Afghanistan to enroll eligible participants in our study. Using interviews and a survey, our trained interviewers collected data on the demographics, types of drugs, HIV testing history, and self-reported HIV status of the participants. We analyzed the data using the venues and hotpots as clusters to report the percentages of recent HIV tests and self-reported HIV prevalence overall and in subgroups defined by demographic characteristics and locations.

Results: Among the 1385 participants, most were from Kabul city (28.9%), spoke Dari (67.4%), were aged 25-34 years (42.1%), and were married (52.4%). Overall, 70.7% (95% CI 67.6-73.6) (ranging from 20.0% in Kandahar to 99.3% in Mazar-i-Sharif) were tested for HIV within the past 12 months. Among those who had ever been tested for HIV, 20.7% (95% CI 17.8-24.0) (ranging from 0% in Zarang to 63.2% in Kabul) reported being positive for HIV.

Conclusion: Compared with the results of a similar study in 2012, we found a significant improvement in HIV testing coverage among PWID in Afghanistan. The high self-reported HIV prevalence among this group also highlights the need for targeted screening and treatment programs for PWID in Afghanistan, particularly in the cities of Kabul and Jalalabad.

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来源期刊

Harm Reduction Journal Medicine-Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

CiteScore

5.90

自引率

9.10%

发文量

126

审稿时长

26 weeks

期刊介绍： Harm Reduction Journal is an Open Access, peer-reviewed, online journal whose focus is on the prevalent patterns of psychoactive drug use, the public policies meant to control them, and the search for effective methods of reducing the adverse medical, public health, and social consequences associated with both drugs and drug policies. We define "harm reduction" as "policies and programs which aim to reduce the health, social, and economic costs of legal and illegal psychoactive drug use without necessarily reducing drug consumption". We are especially interested in studies of the evolving patterns of drug use around the world, their implications for the spread of HIV/AIDS and other blood-borne pathogens.