摘要
背景：慢性阻塞性肺病（COPD）病情恶化是导致死亡的主要原因之一，因此早期发现病情恶化至关重要。远程医疗解决方案在检测慢性阻塞性肺病加重方面显示出良好的效果，并得到越来越多的应用。然而，远程医疗的效果各不相同。多项研究表明，呼吸频率（RR）在病情加重前、加重期间和加重后都会增加，而且这种变化可以通过几种非接触式设备测量到。尽管如此，呼吸频率很少被测量，远程医疗解决方案仅使用可穿戴设备测量呼吸频率，尽管可穿戴呼吸监测设备存在一些缺陷。非接触式设备通常在睡眠时使用，因为在睡眠时进行测量可最大限度地降低身体活动干扰的风险。然而，在睡眠中测量心率（RR）和心率（HR）对于检测慢性阻塞性肺病病情加重的潜力仍不明确：本观察性研究旨在探讨非接触式测量 RR、HR 和睡眠阶段是否可用于检测慢性阻塞性肺病患者的病情加重：将对 50 名慢性阻塞性肺病患者进行观察研究。参与者居住在北丹麦地区的奥尔堡市。参与者将在睡眠时在床边使用非接触式监测器（Sleepiz One+），为期 4 个月。数据收集完成后，将使用描述性统计来识别病情恶化前几晚 RR、HR 或睡眠阶段的极端情况或变化。还将进行相关分析，以评估病情恶化次数与 RR、HR 或睡眠阶段的极端情况或变化之间的关系。最后，将对 12 名参与者进行定性访谈，探讨他们在监视器附近睡觉的经历：招募工作于 2024 年 4 月底开始。共招募了 12 名参与者，其余参与者预计将在 2025 年 3 月和 4 月招募。12 名参与者中有 6 人已完成数据收集和定性访谈阶段。整个数据收集工作预计将于 2025 年 9 月完成。预计研究结果将有助于深入了解在病情加重前几天识别 RR、HR 或睡眠阶段的极端情况或变化的可能性。此外，研究结果还将评估病情恶化次数与心率、心率和睡眠阶段的极端或变化之间的相关性：本研究的结果可阐明使用非接触式监测仪检测慢性阻塞性肺病病情加重的可能性。此外，研究结果还有可能提高未来预测病情恶化的能力：DERR1-10.2196/63230。Background: Exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are one of the main causes of mortality, and early detection of exacerbations is thus essential. Telemedicine solutions have shown promising results for the detection of exacerbations in COPD and have increasingly been used. However, the effect of telemedicine is divergent. According to several studies, respiration rate (RR) increases before, during, and after an exacerbation and the change is measurable with several contactless devices. Despite this, RR is rarely measured, and telemedicine solutions only use wearable devices for measuring RR, even though wearable respiratory monitoring devices have been associated with certain drawbacks. Contactless devices are often used during sleep, as measurements conducted during sleep minimize the risk of disturbance from physical activities. However, the potential of measuring RR and heart rate (HR) during sleep for the detection of exacerbations in COPD remains unclear.
Objective: The aim of this observational study is to investigate whether contactless measurement of RR, HR, and sleep stages can be used to detect exacerbations in people with COPD.
Methods: An observational study including 50 participants with COPD will be conducted. The participants reside in Aalborg municipality, located in the North Denmark Region. Participants will use a contactless monitor (Sleepiz One+) near their bed during sleep for a period of 4 months. After data collection, descriptive statistics will be used to identify any extremes or variations in RR, HR, or sleep stages in the nights preceding an exacerbation. Correlation analysis will be performed to evaluate the relationship between the number of exacerbations and extremes or variations in RR, HR, or sleep stages. Finally, qualitative interviews will be conducted with 12 participants to explore their experiences of sleeping with the monitor nearby.
Results: Recruitment started at the end of April 2024. A total of 12 participants have been recruited, and the remaining participants are expected to be recruited during March and April 2025. Six out of 12 participants have completed the data collection and qualitative interview stages. Overall data collection is expected to be completed by September 2025. The results are expected to provide insight into the potential for identifying extremes or variations in RR, HR, or sleep stages in the days preceding an exacerbation. Additionally, the results are expected to assess the correlation between the number of exacerbations and extremes or variations in RR, HR, and sleep stages.
Conclusions: The findings from this study may clarify the possibility of using a contactless monitor to detect exacerbations in COPD. Furthermore, the results may have the potential to improve the ability to predict exacerbations in the future.
International registered report identifier (irrid): DERR1-10.2196/63230.
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