Food waste minimisation and energy efficiency for carbon emission reduction.

This research determines the potential impact of reducing food waste on future energy consumption and pollutant emissions. The study uses system dynamics modelling to simulate the complex link between population, food demand, food waste output and their interactions with energy consumption in the food system and carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions. Scenarios are developed by considering two elements: a reduction in food waste and an increase in energy output. Based on a case study of Delhi, food demand and energy consumption are expected to rise by 6% and 35% every year, respectively, from 2023 to 2033. The model predicts that a 20% reduction in food waste, combined with a 20% increase in energy efficiency, could reduce CO₂ emissions by 23.17% by 2033. The combination scenario proved to be the most efficient in reducing carbon emissions and energy consumption. This significant reduction in emissions highlights the potential of integrated food waste and energy management strategies in mitigating environmental impact.