IoT edge network interoperability

Network interoperability is crucial for achieving seamless communication across Internet of Things (IoT) environments. IoT comprises heterogeneous devices and systems supporting diverse technologies, protocols, and manufacturers. Enabling devices to communicate and exchange data effectively, regardless of underlying protocols, is key to building cohesive and integrated IoT networks. IoT has transformed multiple sectors ranging from home automation to healthcare—by harnessing a vast array of sensors and actuators that communicate through cloud, fog, and edge layers. However, the variety in device manufacturing and communication standards demands interoperable interfaces, and most current solutions depend on cloud-based centralised architectures. These architectures introduce latency and scalability challenges, particularly for resource-constrained IoT devices that often struggle to communicate with the cloud due to limited resources. This paper addresses network interoperability at the IoT edge level, focusing on resource-efficient communication by integrating Wi-Fi and Bluetooth, two commonly used protocols in IoT ecosystems. We have implemented a network edge interoperability solution that supports effective data exchange between devices operating on these distinct protocols, enhancing the overall efficiency, flexibility, and scalability of IoT systems. Our approach allows devices interoperate by addressing network latency and bandwidth limitations, incorporating an integrated controller to facilitate broader applications and enhance performance across IoT networks. Our findings illustrate how bridging protocol differences can foster more resilient and adaptable IoT solutions, advancing the deployment of IoT applications across various domains and use cases.