中国南部和日本二叠纪-三叠纪边界沉积物中的铂族元素和铼与西伯利亚圈闭同期喷发有关

IF 3.6 2区地球科学 Q1 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS

Chemical Geology Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2025.122715

Monika A. Misztela , Michael R. Rampino , Ian H. Campbell

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引用次数: 0

摘要

二叠纪末大灭绝（251.9 Ma）是有记录以来最严重的灭绝事件。在西伯利亚圈闭大陆洪水玄武岩（CFB）期间，岩杂岩形成和火山活动的脉冲明显与EPME同步，并被认为是导致大灭绝事件的环境扰动的主要原因。沉积物中PGEs和铼的丰度过去被用作循环流化床火山活动的标志。我们对中国南方3个地区（眉山、中寨、新民）和日本西南部1个地区（乌原）的二叠纪-三叠纪界线和EPME的PGE、铼浓度和诊断PGE比值进行了分析。我们将这些结果与类似的PGE和铼分析结果进行了比较：1)上大陆地壳（UCC）， 2)来自西伯利亚、德干和paran CFBs的玄武岩样品，3)白垩纪/古近纪（K-Pg）边界层，以及4)平均黑色页岩。我们还将我们的结果与中国和其他地方的EPME/P-T边界剖面的PGE分析结果进行了比较。在本文研究的4个EPME剖面中，pge（尤其是Pt、Pd和Ru）和铼相对于上大陆地壳（UCC）基线普遍富集。这些富集发生在通常具有低PGE背景的沉积物中（例如，碳酸盐和燧石），并被解释为指示CFB火山作用的来源。Ir/Pt <值；在所有剖面中0.03也表明火山来源，没有证据表明外星pge。挥发性铼与Re/Ir >；10在所有EPME剖面中都高度异常，在日本Ubara深海地区，Re异常高达明显CFB起源UCC的1300倍。同时出现的汞和镍异常，以及相关的同位素变化，进一步支持了EPME挥发性铼的CFB火山来源。这些结果表明，与EPME相一致的西伯利亚CFB喷发，特别是早期的基岩复合体侵位脉冲，是EPME/P-T边界沉积物中PGEs和铼的来源，可能是导致大灭绝的环境危机的重要因素。

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Platinum-group elements (PGEs) and rhenium in Permian-Triassic boundary sediments from southern China and Japan linked to concurrent eruptions of the Siberian Traps

The end-Permian mass extinction (EPME) (251.9 Ma) was the most severe recorded extinction event. A pulse of sill-complex formation and volcanism during the Siberian Traps continental flood basalt (CFB) was apparently synchronous with the EPME, and has been proposed as a major cause of the environmental perturbations that led to the mass-extinction event. Abundances of PGEs and rhenium in sediments have been used in the past as signatures of CFB volcanism. We performed analyses of PGEs and rhenium concentrations and diagnostic PGE ratios across the Permian-Triassic boundary and EPME in three localities in southern China (Meishan, Zhongzhai, Xinmin), and one locality from SW Japan (Ubara). We compared these results with similar PGE and rhenium analyses of: 1) the upper continental crust (UCC), 2) basaltic samples from the Siberian, Deccan and Paraná CFBs, 3) the Cretaceous/Paleogene (K-Pg) boundary layer, and 4) average black shales. We also compared our results with previous PGE analyses of EPME/P-T boundary sections in China and elsewhere.

In the four EPME sections studied here, PGEs (especially Pt, Pd, and Ru) and rhenium are commonly enriched relative to the upper continental crust (UCC) baseline. These enrichments occur in sediments usually having low PGE background (e.g., carbonates and cherts), and are interpreted as indicative of a source in CFB volcanism. Values of Ir/Pt < 0.03 in all sections also indicate a volcanic source, and there is no evidence of extraterrestrial PGEs. Volatile rhenium with Re/Ir > 10 is highly anomalous in all of the EPME sections, with Re anomalies up to 1300 times the UCC of apparent CFB origin in the Ubara, Japan deep-sea locality.

Concurrent mercury and nickel anomalies, and related isotopic shifts, further support a CFB volcanic source for the volatile rhenium at the EPME. These results suggest that the Siberian CFB eruptions, especially an early pulse of emplacement of sill complexes, coincident with the EPME, were a source of the PGEs and rhenium in the EPME/P-T boundary sediments, and potentially an important factor in the environmental crisis that led to the major mass extinction.

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来源期刊

Chemical Geology 地学-地球化学与地球物理

CiteScore

7.20

自引率

10.30%

发文量

374

审稿时长

3.6 months

期刊介绍： Chemical Geology is an international journal that publishes original research papers on isotopic and elemental geochemistry, geochronology and cosmochemistry. The Journal focuses on chemical processes in igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary petrology, low- and high-temperature aqueous solutions, biogeochemistry, the environment and cosmochemistry. Papers that are field, experimentally, or computationally based are appropriate if they are of broad international interest. The Journal generally does not publish papers that are primarily of regional or local interest, or which are primarily focused on remediation and applied geochemistry. The Journal also welcomes innovative papers dealing with significant analytical advances that are of wide interest in the community and extend significantly beyond the scope of what would be included in the methods section of a standard research paper.