Urban planning strategies for addressing climate change in Lagos megacity, Nigeria

There is a growing recognition that cities are both vulnerable and significant contributors to climate change (CC). In the last two decades, the Global South nations have surpassed developed countries in energy-related carbon emissions, highlighting the need for greater mitigation responsibilities. Despite the increasing appreciation of the crucial role of urban planning in tackling the root causes and impacts of CC, insufficient attention is given to city-level adaptation and mitigation efforts, particularly in countries heavily dependent on fossil fuels for transportation and energy production. This study utilizes desk research, which is based on the analysis of existing literature and secondary data to investigate the extent to which Lagos megacity implements the UN-Habitat's recommended urban planning responses to CC at the urban level that are related to five key sectors: buildings, infrastructure, transportation, urban form, and urban greening and their potential in fostering urban sustainability. The findings reveal that Lagos is home to 73.4 % of Nigeria’s green building floor areas, generates five megawatts of renewable energy, implements several urban renewal and greening schemes, partners with 434 private companies in garbage collection and recycling, and establishes wastewater treatment and recycling systems. Additionally, its public transportation policy focusing on light rail and bus rapid transit has significant implications for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. Integrating mitigation and adaptation efforts into urban planning and governance while collaborating closely with local stakeholders and public involvement are crucial for creating sustainable and climate-resilient cities. These lessons are valuable for Global South cities.